{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T12:26:14Z","timestamp":1784723174993,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,3]],"date-time":"2015-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1435881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Swedish Orthopedic Association"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Swedish Society of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria Freemason Foundation,"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reduced bone mineral density (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content>) together with muscle wasting and dysfunction, that is sarcopenia, emerges as a risk factor for hip fracture. The aim of this study was to examine body composition and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> and their relationship with trauma mechanisms in young and middle\u2010aged patients with femoral neck fracture.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Altogether, 185 patients with femoral neck fracture aged 20\u201369 were included. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content>, body composition and fat\u2010free mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFMI<\/jats:styled-content>) were determined by dual\u2010X\u2010ray absorptiometry (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DXA<\/jats:styled-content>), and trauma mechanisms were registered.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ninety per cent of the whole study population had a femoral neck <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> below the mean for age. In the young patients (&lt;\u00a050\u00a0years), 27% had a <jats:italic>Z<\/jats:italic>\u2010score of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0\u2264\u00a0\u22122 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SD<\/jats:styled-content>. More than half of the middle\u2010aged patients (50\u201369\u00a0years) had osteopenia, that is <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010score \u22121 to \u22122\u00b75, and 35% had osteoporosis, that is <jats:italic>T<\/jats:italic>\u2010score\u00a0&lt;\u00a0\u22122\u00b75, at the femoral neck. Patients with low\u2010energy trauma, sport injury or high\u2010energy trauma had a median standardised <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> of 0\u00b7702, 0\u00b7740 vs. 0\u00b7803\u00a0g\/cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b703), and a median <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFMI<\/jats:styled-content> of 15\u00b79, 17\u00b77 vs. 17\u00b75\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>&lt;<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0\u00b7001), respectively. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFMI<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0&lt;\u00a010th percentile of an age\u2010 and gender\u2010matched reference population was observed in one\u2010third.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A majority had low <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> at the femoral neck, and one\u2010third had reduced <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFMI<\/jats:styled-content> (i.e. sarcopenia). Patients with fracture following low\u2010energy trauma had significantly lower femoral neck <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FFMI<\/jats:styled-content> than patients with other trauma mechanisms. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DXA<\/jats:styled-content> examination of both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMD<\/jats:styled-content> and body composition could be of value especially in those with low\u2010energy trauma.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,2]],"date-time":"2015-06-02T14:53:45Z","timestamp":1433256825000},"page":"800-806","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Low bone mineral density and fat\u2010free mass in younger patients with a femoral neck fracture"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Amer N.","family":"Al\u2010Ani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommy","family":"Cederholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine Uppsala University Hospital Uppsala Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"S\u00e4\u00e4f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Endocrine and Diabetes Unit Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustaf","family":"Neander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics Department of Clinical Sciences Karolinska Institutet Danderyd Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Blomfeldt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Instistutet Department of Clinical Science and Education Orthopaedic Unit S\u00f6der hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilhelmina","family":"Ekstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery Section\u00a0of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margareta","family":"Hedstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Orthopaedics Department of Clinical Science Intervention and Technology Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","first-page":"131","article-title":"Complications after intracapsular hip fractures in young adults. 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