{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T12:14:15Z","timestamp":1778501655161,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1445472000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound represents a validated and relatively inexpensive diagnostic device for assessing central adiposity; however, widespread adoption has been impeded by the lack of reliable standard operating procedures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the reliability of, and describe guidelines for, ultrasound\u2010derived recording of intra\u2010abdominal fat thickness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAT<\/jats:styled-content>) and maximal preperitoneal fat thickness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFT<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ultrasound scans were obtained from 20 adults (50% female, 26\u00a0\u00b1\u00a07\u00a0years, 24\u00b75\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) on three different mornings. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAT<\/jats:styled-content> was assessed 2\u00a0cm above the umbilicus (transverse plane) measuring from linea alba to: (i) anterior aorta, (ii) posterior aorta and (iii) anterior aspect of the vertebral column. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFT<\/jats:styled-content> was measured from linea alba to visceral peritoneum in (i) sagittal and (ii) transverse planes, immediately over and inferior to the xiphi\u2010sternum, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAT<\/jats:styled-content>, the criterion intraclass correlation coefficient (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content>) of 0\u00b775 was exceeded for measurements to anterior aorta (0\u00b795), posterior aorta (0\u00b794) and vertebra (0\u00b796). The reliability coefficient expressed as a percentage of the mean (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content>%) was lowest (better) for measurement to vertebrae (9\u00b78%). For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFT<\/jats:styled-content>, mean thickness was comparable for sagittal (1\u00b774\u00a0cm) and transverse (1\u00b776\u00a0cm) planes; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICC<\/jats:styled-content> values were also comparable for both planes (0\u00b798 vs. 0\u00b798, respectively), as were <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RC<\/jats:styled-content>% (7\u00b75% vs. 7\u00b71%, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IAT<\/jats:styled-content> assessments to the vertebra were marginally more reliable than those to other structures. While <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PFT<\/jats:styled-content> assessments were equally reliable for both measurements planes, precise probe placement was easier for the sagittal plane. Based on these findings, guidelines for the reliable measurement of central adiposity using ultrasound are presented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12540","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,24]],"date-time":"2015-09-24T14:43:05Z","timestamp":1443105785000},"page":"1200-1208","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Reliability tests and guidelines for B\u2010mode ultrasound assessment of central adiposity"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0682-2270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Stoner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Sport and Exercise Massey University Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Chinn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health Massey University Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jon","family":"Cornwall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Grant","family":"Meikle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Dunedin Public Hospital Southern District Health Board Dunedin New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Otago Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health Massey University Wellington New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Lambrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences University of Southampton Hants UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Faulkner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport &amp; Exercise University of Winchester Winchester UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-7954-10-22"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2011.00456.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.159.18.2177"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6300(1999)11:2<201::AID-AJHB8>3.0.CO;2-R"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.48.8.1515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/70.1.149s"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(98)70175-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4066\/AMJ.2014.2281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.675355"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.11.1808"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(85)90224-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00278.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(95)90084-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.21.6.0415"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"771","article-title":"Anthropometric or ultrasonic measurements in assessment of visceral fat? 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