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More than 40 years have passed since <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> was first confirmed. The terms \u2018syndrome X\u2019, \u2018cardiac syndrome X\u2019 and \u2018microvascular dysfunction\u2019 have also been used to describe conditions similar to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content>, but all with slightly different definitions. The cause of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> seems almost certain to be organic and functional abnormalities of the small arteries of the heart. Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> are likely to suffer from endothelial dysfunction and other microvascular abnormalities of both the coronary and peripheral arteries. The major treatment of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> has been medication, most often calcium channel blockers. The prognosis of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> is generally excellent, although symptoms remain in many studies. Some <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> patients with accompanying hypertensive heart disease have gone on to develop progressive left ventricular dysfunction, with poor prognosis. The different definitions applied to the terms used to describe this condition, what we refer to here as <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content>, can confound issues involved in diagnosis, prognosis and proper treatment. Therefore, it is extremely important to distinguish primary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> without underlying heart disease from secondary <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> to explore the disease mechanism and examine the clinical characteristics. It is more than 40 years since Likoff first confirmed this disease; therefore, all researchers know that strict diagnostic criteria for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVA<\/jats:styled-content> should be immediately established.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,19]],"date-time":"2015-10-19T15:26:47Z","timestamp":1445268407000},"page":"1360-1366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Different definition of microvascular angina"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Department of Internal Medicine Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital Yokohama 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