{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T18:53:01Z","timestamp":1773687181260,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,1]],"date-time":"2019-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In 2014, the WHO reported that 6% of all deaths were attributable to excess alcohol consumption. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between serum magnesium concentrations and mortality in patients with alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective review of 700 patients with documented evidence of previous AWS indicating a requirement for benzodiazepine prophylaxis or evidence of alcohol withdrawal syndrome between November 2014 and March 2015.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 380 patients included in the sample analysis, 64 (17%) were dead at 1\u00a0year following the time of treatment for AWS. The majority of patients had been prescribed thiamine (77%) and a proton pump inhibitor (66%). In contrast, the majority of patients had low circulating magnesium concentrations (&lt;0.75\u00a0mmol\/L) (64%) and had not been prescribed magnesium (90%). The median age of death at one year was 55\u00a0years (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002). On univariate analysis, age (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), GMAWS (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), BDZ (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), bilirubin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), alkaline phosphatase (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), albumin (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), CRP (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), AST:ALT ratio &gt;2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), sodium (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05), magnesium (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), platelets (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) and the use of proton pump inhibitor medication (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) were associated with death at 1\u00a0year. On multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, age\u00a0&gt;\u00a050\u00a0years (OR 3.37, 95% CI 1.52\u20107.48, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01), AST:ALT ratio &gt;2 (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.38\u20106.94, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01) and magnesium\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.75\u00a0mmol\/L (OR 4.11, 95% CI 1.3\u201012.8, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) remained independently associated with death at 1\u00a0year.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 1\u2010year mortality was significantly higher among those patients who were magnesium deficient (&lt;0.75\u00a0mmol\/L) when compared to those who were replete (\u22650.75\u00a0mmol\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,19]],"date-time":"2019-06-19T15:33:32Z","timestamp":1560958412000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Low serum magnesium and 1\u2010year mortality in alcohol withdrawal syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0317-4079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donogh","family":"Maguire","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Department Glasgow Royal Infirmary Glasgow UK"},{"name":"Academic Unit of Surgery, School of Medicine, Royal Infirmary University of Glasgow Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David P.","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Medicine Department Glasgow Royal Infirmary 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