{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:22:26Z","timestamp":1793420546852,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,31]],"date-time":"2019-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to examine whether the uric acid level or gout is causally associated with bone mineral density (BMD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>We performed a two\u2010sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The statistics dataset, we used was from a meta\u2010analysis of genome\u2010wide association studies (GWASs) on uric acid levels from 14 studies with a total of 28\u00a0141 participants of European descent, and the dataset for gout from the United Kingdom (UK) Biobank (4807 cases and 3\u00a032\u00a0352 controls). We further used the summary statistics dataset of a GWAS on lumbar spine and femur neck (FN) BMDs of individuals of European ancestry (up to 32\u00a0735).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The instrumental variables (IVs) selected were six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the uric acid level GWAS data and 19 SNPs from the gout GWAS data. The inverse\u2010variance weighted (IVW) method yielded no evidence to support a causal association between the uric acid level or gout and lumbar spine BMD (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2212.002, standard error (SE)\u00a0=\u00a00.035, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.951; <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u2013.700, SE\u00a0=\u00a00.672, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.297). MR\u2010Egger regression revealed no causality between uric acid level, gout and lumbar spine. Similarly, the weighted median approach provided no evidence of causality between uric acid level, gout and lumbar spine BMD. The MR results on FN BMD showed similar patterns with those of the lumbar spine BMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mendelian randomization analysis did not support a causal association between uric acid level, gout and lumbar spine or FN BMD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,11]],"date-time":"2019-07-11T13:42:01Z","timestamp":1562852521000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Uric acid level, gout and bone mineral density: A Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4213-1909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Young Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Korea University College of Medicine Seoul Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwan Gyu","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Korea University College of Medicine Seoul 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