{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T19:07:32Z","timestamp":1780945652857,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598486400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Identification of reliable outcome predictors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) is of paramount importance for improving patient's management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A systematic review of literature was conducted until 24 April 2020. From 6843 articles, 49 studies were selected for a pooled assessment; cumulative statistics for age and sex were retrieved in 587\u00a0790 and 602\u00a0234 cases. Two endpoints were defined: (a) a composite outcome including death, severe presentation, hospitalization in the intensive care unit (ICU) and\/or mechanical ventilation; and (b) in\u2010hospital mortality. We extracted numeric data on patients\u2019 characteristics and cases with adverse outcomes and employed inverse variance random\u2010effects models to derive pooled estimates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 18 and 12 factors associated with the composite endpoint and death, respectively. Among those, a history of CVD (odds ratio (OR)\u00a0=\u00a03.15, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 2.26\u20104.41), acute cardiac (OR\u00a0=\u00a010.58, 5.00\u201022.40) or kidney (OR\u00a0=\u00a05.13, 1.78\u201014.83) injury, increased procalcitonin (OR\u00a0=\u00a04.8, 2.034\u201011.31) or D\u2010dimer (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.7, 1.74\u20107.89), and thrombocytopenia (OR\u00a0=\u00a06.23, 1.031\u201037.67) conveyed the highest odds for the adverse composite endpoint. Advanced age, male sex, cardiovascular comorbidities, acute cardiac or kidney injury, lymphocytopenia and D\u2010dimer conferred an increased risk of in\u2010hospital death. With respect to the treatment of the acute phase, therapy with steroids was associated with the adverse composite endpoint (OR\u00a0=\u00a03.61, 95% CI 1.934\u20106.73), but not with mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Advanced age, comorbidities, abnormal inflammatory and organ injury circulating biomarkers captured patients with an adverse clinical outcome. Clinical history and laboratory profile may then help identify patients with a higher risk of in\u2010hospital mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13362","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T21:34:31Z","timestamp":1596058471000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":301,"title":["Predictors of adverse prognosis in COVID\u201019: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2991-1548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Figliozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering &amp; Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Humanitas Clinical and Research Center \u2010 IRCCS Milan Italy"},{"name":"Department of Radiology Humanitas Clinical and Research Center \u2010 IRCCS Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier Giorgio","family":"Masci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering &amp; Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Navid","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology\u2010Intensive Therapy Poznan University of Medical Sciences Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lara","family":"Tondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Multimodality Cardiovascular Imaging IRCCS Policlinico San Donato San Donato Milanese Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Koutli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Liver and Digestive Health Royal Free Hospital &amp; UCL University College London London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Aimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna Pisa Italy"},{"name":"Cardiology Division University Hospital of Pisa Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kimon","family":"Stamatelopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Athen Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meletios\u2010Athanasios","family":"Dimopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Athen Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alida L. P.","family":"Caforio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences and Public Health University of Padua Medical School Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgios","family":"Georgiopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering &amp; Imaging Sciences King's College London London UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Therapeutics National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine Athen Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13383"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","volume-title":"Coronavirus disease (COVID\u20102019) situation reports: 26.04.2020","author":"WHO","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"656","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus infection in China","volume":"80","author":"Guan W","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2001468"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-020-0360-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2009.02234.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.7140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6913e2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","volume-title":"COVID\u201019\u202f: point \u00e9pid\u00e9miologique du 9 avril","author":"Sante Publique France","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","first-page":"2019","article-title":"Case\u2010fatality rate and characteristics of patients dying in relation to COVID\u201019 in Italy","volume":"2019","author":"Onder G","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01323"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-018-0064-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1183\/16000617.0103-2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2020.03.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2020.0994"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.040766"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30628-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2020.1746199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199901143400207"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehy462"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.92.3.342"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908033210503"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2004.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30251-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.02.071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1432869100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03712"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaa190"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"First case of COVID\u201019 complicated with fulminant myocarditis: a case report and insights","author":"Zeng J\u2010H","year":"2020","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-020-04909-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht210"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30912-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30076-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqaa062"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2020.107233"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15513815.2020.1761491"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06028-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2020.1735227"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2007016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105949"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14817"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3980"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.328.7454.1490"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Feci.13362","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.13362","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/eci.13362","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.13362","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T21:20:20Z","timestamp":1693948820000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eci.13362"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eci.13362"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.13362","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2972","1365-2362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2972","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-31","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-20","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13362"}}