{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T07:31:23Z","timestamp":1781508683562,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,13]],"date-time":"2020-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599955200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) constitute a heavy burden on healthcare expenditure due to their negative impact on clinical outcomes in the Middle East. The Atrial fibrillation Better Care (ABC) pathway provides a simple strategy of integrated approach of AF management: A\u2014Avoid stroke; B\u2014Better symptom control; C\u2014Cardiovascular comorbidity risk management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>Evaluation of the AF treatment compliance to ABC pathway in DM patients in the Middle East. Assessment of the impact of ABC pathway adherence on all\u2010cause mortality and the composite outcome of stroke\/systemic embolism, all\u2010cause death and cardiovascular hospitalisations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 2043 patients in the Gulf SAFE registry, 603 patients (mean age 63; 48% male) with DM were included in an analysis of ABC pathway compliance: A\u2014appropriate use of anticoagulation according to CHA<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>DS<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010VASc score; B\u2014AF symptoms management according to the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) scale; C\u2014Optimised cardiovascular comorbidities management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>86 (14.3%) patients were treated in compliance with the ABC pathway. During 1\u2010year follow\u2010up, 207 composite outcome events and 87 deaths occurred. Mortality was significantly lower in the ABC group vs non\u2010ABC (5.8% vs 15.9%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.0014, respectively). On multivariate analysis, ABC compliance was associated with a lower risk of all\u2010cause death and the composite outcome after 6\u00a0months (OR 0.18; 95% CI: 0.42\u20100.75 and OR 0.54; 95% Cl: 0.30\u20101.00, respectively) and at 1\u00a0year (OR 0.30; 95% Cl: 0.11\u20100.76 and OR 0.57; 95% Cl: 0.33\u20100.97, respectively) vs the non\u2010ABC group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Compliance with the ABC pathway care was independently associated with the reduced risk of all\u2010cause death and the composite outcome in DM patients with AF, highlighting the importance of an integrated approach to AF management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13385","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,20]],"date-time":"2020-08-20T16:37:04Z","timestamp":1597941424000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Compliance of atrial fibrillation treatment with the ABC pathway in patients with concomitant diabetes mellitus in the Middle East based on the Gulf SAFE registry"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6727-0086","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magdalena","family":"Domek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart &amp; Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Nephrology Medical University of Silesia  Zabrze Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0575-9150","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Gumprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart &amp; Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology Silesian Centre for Heart Diseases Medical University of Silesia  Zabrze Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9121-1887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan\u2010Guang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Peking University Third Hospital  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Proietti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science University of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart &amp; Chest Hospital  Liverpool UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health University of Milan  Milan Italy"},{"name":"Geriatric Unit Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019Granda Ospendale Maggiore Policlinico  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wafa","family":"Rashed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Mubarak Al\u2010Kabeer Hospital  Kuwait"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Mubarak Al\u2010Kabeer Hospital  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Al Qudaimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AlThawra Hospital  Sana\u2019a Yemen"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Gumprecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Diseases, Diabetology and Nephrology Medical University of Silesia  Zabrze Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Zubaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Mubarak Al\u2010Kabeer Hospital  Kuwait"},{"name":"Division of Cardiology Mubarak Al\u2010Kabeer Hospital  Kuwait Kuwait"},{"name":"Department of Medicine Faculty of Medicine Kuwait University  Kuwait Kuwait"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory Y. 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