{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T20:35:54Z","timestamp":1789763754396,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]],"date-time":"2022-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650499200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypothyroidism is a frequently occurring side effect in patients under treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Actually, the origin of hypothyroidism with ICI use is classified as a primary (thyroid) or as secondary\/tertiary hypothyroidism (hypothalamus\u2010pituitary). Treatment consists of levothyroxine (L\u2010T4) substitution. Recently, we were rarely confronted with a clinically overt hypothyroidism in three patients under treatment with ICIs who were non\u2010responsive to T4 therapy. As a therapeutical escape, liothyronine (L\u2010T3) was started with a significant clinical and\/or biochemical improvement suggesting an underlying functional defect in the peripheral free T4 (fT4) to free T3 (fT3) conversion (as supported by calculation of SPINA\u2010GD). Against this background, we discussed our three patients along an extended review of this clinical topic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,16]],"date-time":"2022-04-16T03:58:20Z","timestamp":1650081500000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A decrease in peripheral thyroid hormone conversion efficiency in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors and L\u2010T3 as a possible alternative therapeutic escape option"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Faro R.","family":"Verelst","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Antwerp University  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5571-9501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michiel Marcel Jozef","family":"Beyens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Antwerp University  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elke","family":"Vandenbroucke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pneumology AZ Monica  Deurne Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pneumology Antwerp University Hospital  Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katheleen","family":"Forceville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology AZ Monica  Deurne Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Oncology Antwerp University Hospital  Edegem Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8738-207X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcel","family":"(Th. B) Twickler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease AZ Monica  Deurne Belgium"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Antwerp  Antwerp Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc3239"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11154\u2010018\u20109463\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00262\u2010021\u201003128\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2017.3064"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2021.649863"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S261433"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdw640"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20102560"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0843-3366"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC-13-0499"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdx225"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000001159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heartjnl-2012-302920a.25"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.87.3.8302"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0448"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0b013e32832c79e0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2017.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2011-1837"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2016-4025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-019-02052-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00115"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000481253"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.13790","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/eci.13790","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.13790","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T23:30:06Z","timestamp":1692747006000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eci.13790"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eci.13790"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.13790","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2972","1365-2362"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0014-2972","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2362","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-03-31","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-04-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13790"}}