{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T15:09:06Z","timestamp":1787238546208,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,5]],"date-time":"2022-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664928000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81600447"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81600447"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U1803121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U1803121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81770586"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81770586"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Previous studies have suggested that\n                      <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      ) may act as a precipitating factor in gallstone formation, and the potential association between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and gallstone disease (GD) is still unclear and controversial. This study aimed to clarify the potential bidirectional relationship between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and GD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This retrospective cohort study was performed in a population that underwent health checkups at the hospital between 2013 and 2018.\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection status was evaluated by urea breath test (UBT), and GD was diagnosed via ultrasound. Cox regression and propensity score matching (PSM) were used.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1011 participants without\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection at baseline, 134 participants were infected with\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Among 1192 participants without gallstones or cholecystectomy at baseline, 60 participants developed gallstones or cholecystectomy. The hazard ratio (HR) (95% CI) for incident\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection comparing the GD versus the no GD group was 1.84 (1.19, 2.85). The age\u2010 and sex\u2010adjusted HR (95% CI) for incident GD comparing\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010positive subjects to\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010negative subjects was 1.74 (1.01, 2.98). Consistent results were also found with PSM and multivariate analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cohort study demonstrated a potential bidirectional association between\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection and GD, which provides a basis for indicating the risk of GD and implementing the clinical strategies for GD. For the prevention and treatment of GD,\n                      <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                      infection should be carefully considered and evaluated.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,22]],"date-time":"2022-09-22T04:20:05Z","timestamp":1663820405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The potential bidirectional association between\n                    <i>Helicobacter pylori<\/i>\n                    infection and gallstone disease in adults: A two\u2010cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Cen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 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