{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:48:30Z","timestamp":1787014110155,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) has high mortality in the acute phase and poor functional outcome in the majority of survivors. ICH recurrence is a major determinant of long\u2010term prognosis and is the most feared complication of antithrombotic treatment. On the other hand, ICH patients are at high risk of future ischaemic vascular events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This narrative review provides a critical analysis of the current knowledge on the topic. We performed a Pubmed search with the following terms \u2018intracerebral haemorrhage\u2019, \u2018stroke\u2019, \u2018outcome\u2019, \u2018secondary prevention\u2019, \u2018anticoagulation\u2019 and \u2018atrial fibrillation\u2019, including only English written studies with no time restrictions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood pressure management is the cornerstone of secondary ICH prevention, regardless of ICH location or underlying cerebral small vessel disease. Resumption of antiplatelet and anticoagulation therapy is often challenging, with limited evidence from randomized trials. Clinical and imaging predictors can inform the stratification of ICH recurrence risk and might identify patients at very high probability of future haemorrhagic events. This narrative review provides a summary of the main diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies available for secondary prevention in ICH survivors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Appropriate recognition and treatment of modifiable risk factors for ICH recurrence might improve outcomes in ICH survivors. Ongoing randomized trials might provide novel insights and improve long\u2010term management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.13962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]],"date-time":"2023-02-01T01:53:51Z","timestamp":1675216431000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Secondary prevention after intracerebral haemorrhage"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9335-2862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maddalena","family":"Toffali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences University of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine University of Genoa  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