{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T03:45:38Z","timestamp":1792986338791,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,9]],"date-time":"2023-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Late vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB) during early infancy is a serious problem worldwide. Vitamin K (VK) deficiency commonly occurs in newborns who are exclusively breastfed. Protein Induced by VK Absence (PIVKA\u2010II) has been identified as an early indicator of subclinical VK deficiency in neonates, surpassing prothrombin time. To assess PIVKA\u2010II levels at 48\u2009h, 1 and 3\u2009months of age in full\u2010term newborns who were exclusively breastfed and received varying VKDB prophylaxis regimens.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational study was conducted in four hospitals, enrolling 105 newborns. PIVKA\u2010II levels were measured using a sandwich\u2010type enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At 48\u2009h of age, there was no significant difference in PIVKA\u2010II concentrations between newborns who received intramuscular administration of 1\u2009mg of phylloquinone (VK1) and those who received oral administration of 2\u2009mg of VK1 at birth. At 1 and 3\u2009months of life, infants who received any supplementation regimen between 2 and 14\u2009weeks exhibited significantly lower PIVKA\u2010II concentrations compared to infants who received only 1\u2009mg of intramuscular VK1 at birth. The prophylaxis involving a dose of 1\u2009mg of intramuscular VK1 at birth followed by oral administration of 150\u2009\u03bcg\/day of VK1 from the 2nd to the 14th week of life showed the lowest PIVKA\u2010II blood concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral supplementation of VK1 after discharge significantly reduced PIVKA\u2010II concentrations in exclusively breastfed term infants. These findings suggest the importance of oral VK1 supplementation in exclusively breastfed infants during their first 3\u2009months of life to avoid the risk of VK insufficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,10]],"date-time":"2023-12-10T00:29:26Z","timestamp":1702168166000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Vitamin K insufficiency and the prophylaxis strategy in term healthy infants: A multicentre study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5478-5657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serafina","family":"Perrone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"De\u00a0Bernardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics Neonatology and NICU Ospedale Buon Consiglio Fatebenefratelli  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Lembo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology APHP, Necker\u2010Enfants Malades Hospital  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Dell'Orto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8568-4242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maurizio","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Federico II University  Naples Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia","family":"Beretta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Petrolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Gambini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Unit, Department of Medicine and Surgery University of Parma, Pietro Barilla Children's Hospital  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Laura","family":"Toni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianni","family":"Parigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilenia","family":"Fontanarosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Siena  Siena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Pia","family":"Natale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and NICU Di Venere Hospital  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriele","family":"D'Amato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology and NICU Di Venere Hospital  Bari Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desiree","family":"Sordino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency NICU, A.O.R.N. 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