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Besides, their composition is altered on patients with coeliac disease (CD), so they are considered as biomarkers with utility on their diagnose and\/or monitoring. Our aim is to address their variability through the human gastrointestinal tract in health and characterized them in further depth in the coeliac duodenum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Intraepithelial lymphocytes were isolated from human gastric, duodenal, ileal and colonic biopsies, then stained with specific antibodies and acquired by flow cytometry.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results confirmed that the profile of Intraepithelial lymphocytes change through the length of the human gastrointestinal tract. Besides and given the central role that Interleukin\u201015 (IL\u201015) elicits on CD pathogenesis; we also assessed the expression of its receptor revealing that there was virtually no functional IL\u201015 receptor on duodenal Intraepithelial lymphocytes. Nevertheless and contrary to our expectations, the active IL\u201015 receptor was not increased either on Intraepithelial lymphocytes from CD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>IL\u201015 might require additional stimulus to activate intraepithelial lymphocytes. These findings may provide novel tools to aid on a CD diagnosis and\/or monitoring, at the time that provide the bases to perform functional studies in order of getting a deeper insight in the specific function that Intraepithelial lymphocytes elicit on CD pathogenesis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,30]],"date-time":"2024-08-30T04:00:35Z","timestamp":1724990435000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Biological variability of human intraepithelial lymphocytes throughout the human gastrointestinal tract in health and coeliac disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2052-7996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida","family":"Fiz\u2010L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mucosal Immunology Lab Unidad de Excelencia Instituto Biomedicina y Gen\u00e9tica 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