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In this context, it has been observed that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the immune regulation and inflammation contributing to the exacerbation through inflammatory mediators. This research aimed to describe similarities\/differences in anthropometric, biochemical, inflammatory, and hepatic markers as well as to examine the putative role of gut microbiota concerning two inflammatory conditions: SLE and MI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Data were obtained from a cohort comprising adults with SLE and MI. Faecal samples were determined by 16S technique. Statistical analyses compared anthropometric and clinical variables, and LEfSe and MetagenomeSeq were used for metagenomic data. An interaction analysis was fitted to investigate associations of microbiota with fatty liver index (FLI) depending on the inflammatory condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with low\u2010grade MI showed worse values in anthropometry and biochemicals compared with patients with SLE. The liver profile of patients with MI was unhealthier, while no relevant differences were found in most of the inflammatory markers between groups. LEfSe analysis revealed an overrepresentation of Bifidobacteriaceae family in SLE group. An interactive association between gut <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> abundance and type of disease was identified for FLI values, suggesting an effect modification of the gut microbiota concerning liver markers depending on the inflammatory condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study found phenotypical and microbial similarities and disparities between these two inflammatory conditions, evidenced in clinical and hepatic markers, and showed the interactive interplay between gut <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> and liver health (measured by FLI) that occur in a different manner depending on the type of inflammatory disease. These results underscore the importance of personalized approaches and individual microbiota in the screening of different inflammatory situations, considering unique hepatic and microbiota profiles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.14339","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T06:13:37Z","timestamp":1730182417000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Comparative assessment of phenotypic markers in patients with chronic inflammation: Differences on <i>Bifidobacterium<\/i> concerning liver status"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Chero\u2010Sandoval","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA\u2010Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies) Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital University of Valladolid  Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Higuera\u2010G\u00f3mez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA\u2010Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies) Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Mart\u00ednez\u2010Urbistondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Castej\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Mellor\u2010Pita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9798-4514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Moreno\u2010Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Service Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda University Hospital  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences School and Medical Centre International University of the Rioja (UNIR)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"de Luis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, University Clinical Hospital University of Valladolid  Valladolid Spain"},{"name":"Centre of Endocrinology and Nutrition University of Valladolid  Valladolid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2631-2566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda","family":"Cuevas\u2010Sierra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Nutrition and Cardiometabolic Health, IMDEA\u2010Food Institute (Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies) Campus of International Excellence (CEI) UAM+CSIC  Madrid Spain"},{"name":"Health Sciences School and Medical Centre International University of the Rioja (UNIR)  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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