{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T16:18:54Z","timestamp":1754151534823,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]],"date-time":"2025-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher immature granulocyte levels have a predictive role in several clinical conditions, although data concerning cirrhosis are scarce. Reduced muscle mass is a known factor affecting the outcome of these patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association of immature granulocytes with muscle mass and their role in predicting the outcome (survival, death or liver transplantation) in patients with stable decompensated cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We prospectively studied 210 patients with decompensated cirrhosis awaiting liver transplantation. Their clinical and laboratory characteristics were recorded, including complete blood count with immature granulocyte count and immature granulocyte percentage. The severity of liver disease was evaluated by estimating the Child\u2010Turcotte\u2010Pugh and MELD\u2010sodium scores. Dual energy X\u2010ray absorptiometry was used to quantify the total and regional lean mass, while mid\u2010arm muscle circumference was used for the evaluation of upper limb muscle mass.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Immature granulocyte percentage was proved to be the only factor independently associated with transplant\u2010free survival (Hazard Ratio: 1.98, 95% confidence interval [1.03\u20133.81], <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.04). Stratification of our cohort based on the best discriminative cut\u2010off values of immature granulocyte count and percentage revealed significant differences in the outcome based on Kaplan\u2013Meier curves, while immature granulocyte count and percentage were significantly associated with parameters of body composition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher immature granulocyte count and percentage have a significant prognostic role and are associated with worse outcome in patients with stable decompensated cirrhosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.70044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:40:52Z","timestamp":1744418452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The impact of immature granulocytes on the outcome of patients with decompensated cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Magdalini","family":"Adamantou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Glaros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelinos","family":"Michelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Apostolos","family":"Papageorgiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Adamopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonia","family":"Alevizou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Menelaos","family":"Athanasiadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Pergantina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki E.","family":"Georgakopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Lekakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3645-582X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evangelos","family":"Cholongitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Medical School of National &amp; Kapodistrian University  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60121-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040325"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.20824"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0801209"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tri.12008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2005.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/hematology.2019000045"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ijlh.12990"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2018.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2022.12733"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2172-14-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1330536"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.11.2540"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.5958"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03320430047030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-329923"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","article-title":"The clinical utility of automated immature granulocyte measurement in the early diagnosis of bacteremia","volume":"16","author":"Lakshmipriya V","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40560-021-00575-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.03.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2020.12.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28915"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2023-330584"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1688"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2024.112471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-019-01605-6"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Clinical Investigation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eci.70044","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T08:51:42Z","timestamp":1752915102000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eci.70044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eci.70044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eci.70044","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0014-2972","1365-2362"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0014-2972"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-2362"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-27","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70044"}}