{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:12:17Z","timestamp":1792023137033,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":241,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Clin Investigation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Obesity and atherogenic dyslipidemias are interrelated disorders that substantially contribute to the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and the broader cardiovascular\u2013kidney\u2013metabolic (CKM) syndrome. The heterogeneity of obesity, particularly the role of visceral, ectopic and dysfunctional adipose tissue, drives the dyslipidemia phenotype characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, reduced high\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol and elevated apolipoprotein B\u2013containing lipoproteins.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We review the epidemiological studies, imaging analyses, genetic data and clinical trial evidence linking obesity phenotypes with dyslipidemias and cardiovascular outcomes. We further evaluated lifestyle, pharmacological and surgical strategies targeting obesity\u2010related lipid abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Visceral and ectopic fat accumulation, rather than body mass index alone, strongly predicts adverse lipid patterns, insulin resistance and cardiovascular events. Atherogenic dyslipidemias contribute to substantial residual ASCVD risk despite low\u2010density lipoprotein cholesterol lowering. Lifestyle interventions\u2014including diet modification, physical activity and improved cardiorespiratory fitness\u2014demonstrate favourable effects on lipid metabolism independent of weight loss. Traditional pharmacotherapies such as statins, fibrates and omega\u20103 fatty acids offer partial benefits, while novel incretin\u2010based agents and dual or triple receptor agonists provide robust weight loss and metabolic improvements. Metabolic and bariatric surgery remains an effective approach for sustained weight reduction and remission of dyslipidemias in the appropriate patient and is increasingly integrated with pharmacotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atherogenic dyslipidemias are a hallmark of high\u2010risk obesity phenotypes and a major contributor to ASCVD within the CKM framework. Precision medicine approaches that incorporate obesity phenotyping, targeted treatment strategies and population\u2010level interventions are needed to reduce the burden of dyslipidemias and their cardiovascular sequelae.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,21]],"date-time":"2025-11-21T14:19:08Z","timestamp":1763734748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Obesity phenotypes and atherogenic dyslipidemias"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Hun Jee","family":"Choe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital  Hwaseong South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talal","family":"Almas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Case Western Reserve 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