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Most previous studies of effects of welfare reform on adolescents focused on high\u2010school dropout of girls or fertility; little is known about how welfare reform has affected other teenage behaviors or boys. We use a difference\u2010in\u2010difference\u2010in\u2010differences framework to identify gender\u2010specific effects of welfare reform on skipping school, fighting, damaging property, stealing, hurting others, smoking, alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs. Welfare reform led to increases in delinquent behaviors of boys as well as increases in substance use of boys and girls, with substantially larger effects for boys. (<jats:italic>JEL<\/jats:italic> K42, I12, I31, I38)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ecin.12931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,25]],"date-time":"2020-08-25T07:18:55Z","timestamp":1598339935000},"page":"199-216","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["INTERGENERATIONAL EFFECTS OF WELFARE REFORM: ADOLESCENT DELINQUENT AND RISKY BEHAVIORS"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Dhaval","family":"Dave","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Economics Bentley University  Waltham MA 02452 USA"},{"name":"Institute of Labor Economics (IZA)  Bonn Germany"},{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)  Cambridge MA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hope","family":"Corman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER)  Cambridge MA USA"},{"name":"Department of Economics Rider University  Lawrenceville NJ 08648 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ariel","family":"Kalil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harris School of Public Policy University of Chicago  Chicago IL 60637 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ofira","family":"Schwartz\u2010Soicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donald E. Stokes Library Princeton University  Princeton NJ 08544 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy E.","family":"Reichman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatrics and Public Health Rutgers University, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School  New Brunswick NJ 08903 USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abraham S. andL.Sun. \u201cEstimating Dynamic Treatment Effects in Event Studies with Heterogeneous Treatment Effects.\u201d Working Paper 2018.https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3158747.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3158747"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Administration for Child and Families. \u201cCharacteristics and Financial Circumstances of TANF Recipients Fiscal Year 2015 \u201d2016. 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M.\u201cEvaluating Welfare Reform in the United States (No. w8983).\u201d National Bureau of Economic Research 2002.","DOI":"10.3386\/w8983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.47.6.1292"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","volume-title":"Advances in Health Economics and Health Services Research","author":"Corman H.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.labeco.2017.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.irle.2014.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ecin.12433"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1465-7295.2012.00459.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","volume-title":"Technical Report: Explaining the Decline in Welfare Receipt","author":"Council of Economic Advisors","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12122-012-9130-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192513X09340144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/eca.2004.0015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qjs020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","unstructured":"Gennetian L. A. G. J.Duncan V. W.Knox W. G.Vargas E.Clark\u2010Kauffman andA. S.London. \u201cHow Welfare and Work Policies for Parents Affect Adolescents: A Synthesis of Research.\u201d2002. Accessed April 23 2017.http:\/\/www.mdrc.org\/publication\/how\u2010welfare\u2010and\u2010work\u2010policies\u2010parents\u2010affect\u2010adolescents."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-7795.2004.00080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Goodman\u2010Bacon A.\u201cDifference\u2010in\u2010Differences with Variation in Treatment Timing.\u201d National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series (No. w25018) National Bureau of Economic Research 2018.","DOI":"10.3386\/w25018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4159\/9780674037960"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/qje\/qjw033"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10464-011-9423-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pam.20194"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","volume-title":"The Price of Citizenship: Redefining the American Welfare State","author":"Katz M. 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