{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:22:59Z","timestamp":1790972579251,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,4]],"date-time":"2013-03-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1362355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evolution and Development"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>SUMMARY<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Teeth with two or more cusps have arisen independently from an ancestral unicuspid condition in a variety of vertebrate lineages, including sharks, teleost fishes, amphibians, lizards, and mammals. One potential explanation for the repeated origins of multicuspid teeth is the existence of multiple adaptive pathways leading to them, as suggested by their different uses in these lineages. Another is that the addition of cusps required only minor changes in genetic pathways regulating tooth development. Here we provide support for the latter hypothesis by demonstrating that manipulation of the levels of Fibroblast growth factor (Fgf) or Bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling produces bicuspid teeth in the zebrafish (<jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic>), a species lacking multicuspid teeth in its ancestry. The generality of these results for teleosts is suggested by the conversion of unicuspid pharyngeal teeth into bicuspid teeth by similar manipulations of the Mexican Tetra (<jats:italic>Astyanax mexicanus<\/jats:italic>). That these manipulations also produced supernumerary teeth in both species supports previous suggestions of similarities in the molecular control of tooth and cusp number. We conclude that despite their apparent complexity, the evolutionary origin of multicuspid teeth is positively constrained, likely requiring only slight modifications of a pre\u2010existing mechanism for patterning the number and spacing of individual teeth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ede.12021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,5]],"date-time":"2013-03-05T02:24:51Z","timestamp":1362450291000},"page":"107-118","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Manipulation of Fgf and Bmp signaling in teleost fishes suggests potential pathways for the evolutionary origin of multicuspid teeth"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"William R.","family":"Jackman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shelby H.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David B.","family":"Lyons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caitlin K.","family":"Stauder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin R.","family":"Denton\u2010Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Jowdry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Bowdoin College Brunswick, ME 04011 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon R.","family":"Aigler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott A.","family":"Vogel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David W.","family":"Stock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Colorado Boulder, CO 80309 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1964.tb00493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.1051710304"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"194","volume-title":"Origins of the Higher Groups of Tetrapods","author":"Bolt J. 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