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Amazingly, animals can live in sulfidic caves, one such animal being <jats:italic>Asellus infernus<\/jats:italic>, a representative of the <jats:italic>Asellus aquaticus<\/jats:italic> species complex, originating from Movile Cave and from old wells that represent windows of access to a sulfidic groundwater ecosystem located in southeast Romania. Little previous work has been done on lab\u2010reared populations of <jats:italic>A. infernus<\/jats:italic> as they have been historically difficult to raise in the lab. Here, we develop resources for <jats:italic>A. infernus<\/jats:italic>, examining questions of timing of morphological differences in cave versus surface individuals, whether the environment (lab\u2010bred vs. wild\u2010caught) influenced size characteristics, and the genes and pathways showing differential expression between cave and surface samples. We found that <jats:italic>A. infernus<\/jats:italic> did not develop pigmentation embryonically, and juveniles had increased body length and longer antenna II as compared to surface individuals. Furthermore, we found that some of these measures differed between wild\u2010caught and lab\u2010reared juveniles for a given population, indicating that environmental differences can also influence these size characteristics. In addition, differential expression between cave and surface samples and allele\u2010specific expression studies within F1 hybrids identified multiple genes, including those involved in sulfide metabolism and phototransduction. Strikingly, molecular convergence of genes involved in sulfide detoxification was observed between <jats:italic>A. infernus<\/jats:italic> and previous work on a fish that lives in both cave and sulfidic environments, <jats:italic>Poecilia mexicana<\/jats:italic>. In sum, we were able to develop embryonic and genomic tools for <jats:italic>A. infernus<\/jats:italic>, a model for understanding cave adaptation and adaptation to sulfidic environments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ede.70014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,1]],"date-time":"2025-08-01T09:33:23Z","timestamp":1754040803000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparative Embryology and Transcriptomics of <i>Asellus infernus<\/i>, an Isopod Crustacean From Sulfidic Groundwater"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Haeli J.","family":"Lomheim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Dominican University of California San Rafael California USA"},{"name":"Department of Biology Georgetown University Washington DC Washington DC USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizet","family":"Reyes 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