{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T23:51:00Z","timestamp":1782517860385,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]],"date-time":"2015-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1444780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Danish Regions Dental Research Fond"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyze the risk of pulp canal obliteration (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCO<\/jats:styled-content>), pulp necrosis (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content>), repair\u2010related resorption (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RRR<\/jats:styled-content>), infection\u2010related resorption (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRR<\/jats:styled-content>), ankylosis\u2010related resorption (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARR<\/jats:styled-content>), marginal bone loss (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBL<\/jats:styled-content>), and tooth loss (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content>) for teeth involved in an alveolar process fracture and to identify possible risk factors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and method<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 91 patients with 223 traumatized teeth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Statistics<\/jats:title><jats:p>The risks of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCO<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> PN<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> RRR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> IRR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> ARR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MBL<\/jats:styled-content>, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content> were analyzed separately for teeth with immature and mature root development using Kaplan\u2013Meier and Aalen\u2013Johansen methods. Possible risk factors for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content> (age, fracture in relation to apex, displacement, gingival injury, degree of repositioning, type of splint, duration of splinting, treatment delay, and antibiotics) were analyzed for mature teeth using Cox regression. The level of significance was 5%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Immature<\/jats:italic>: No severe complications (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> IRR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> ARR<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MBL<\/jats:styled-content>, or <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content>) were diagnosed during follow up. <jats:italic>Mature<\/jats:italic>: Estimated risk after a 10\u2010year follow up: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content>: 56% (95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>): 48.1\u201363.9), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IRR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.5% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0\u20135.1), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ARR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.1% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.1\u20134.1), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MBL<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.4% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.3\u20134.4), and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TL<\/jats:styled-content>: 7.8% (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0\u201315.7). The following factors significantly increased the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content> in teeth with mature root development: fracture in relation to apex (hazard ratio (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>): 2.6 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.2 \u2013 5.7), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.01), displacement in the horizontal part of the fracture &gt;2\u00a0mm (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.8; 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.1\u20133.2, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03), incomplete repositioning (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.1 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.3\u20133.5), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.003), and age &gt;30\u00a0years (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>: 2.3 (95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 1.1\u20134.6), <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.02). The type of splint (rigid or flexible), the duration of splinting (more or less than 4\u00a0weeks), and the administration of antibiotics did not affect the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Teeth involved in alveolar process fractures appear, apart from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PN<\/jats:styled-content>, to have a good prognosis. A conservative treatment approach is recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12229","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,14]],"date-time":"2015-10-14T06:18:42Z","timestamp":1444803522000},"page":"128-139","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Alveolar process fractures in the permanent dentition. Part 2. 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