{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:41:46Z","timestamp":1771494106899,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,20]],"date-time":"2016-05-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23249086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23249086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of wearing a mouthguard and teeth\u2010clenching on impact to the head and temporomandibular joint (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>) during a blow to the jaw.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A custom\u2010made mouthguard was fabricated for five participants. A 4.1\u2010N impact load was applied to the chin with a pendulum. Two acceleration sensors were attached to the forehead and left <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>. The amplitudes and durations of the accelerations were obtained under five conditions: mouth\u2010open without mouthguard; light teeth\u2010clenching without mouthguard; maximum voluntary clenching (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content>) without mouthguard; mouth\u2010open with mouthguard and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content> with mouthguard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wearing a mouthguard led to significant decreases in the amplitude (mouth\u2010open with mouthguard vs mouth\u2010open without mouthguard, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035 at forehead, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.022 at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>) and duration (mouth\u2010open with mouthguard vs mouth\u2010open without mouthguard, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.043 at forehead, not significant at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>). Similarly, teeth\u2010clenching caused significant decreases in the amplitude (mouth\u2010open without mouthguard vs <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content> without mouthguard, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.024 at forehead, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.025 at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>) and duration (mouth\u2010open without mouthguard vs <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MVC<\/jats:styled-content> without mouthguard, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.033 at forehead, not significant at <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content>). Furthermore, wearing a mouthguard in itself provided an impact reduction effect similar to the combination of teeth\u2010clenching and wearing a mouthguard.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wearing a mouthguard and\/or teeth\u2010clenching reduced the impact to the head and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TMJ<\/jats:styled-content> during a blow to the jaw. However, it should be noted that the findings are the results from a small impact load to the jaw.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,23]],"date-time":"2016-05-23T04:38:44Z","timestamp":1463978324000},"page":"51-56","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effect of mouthguards on impact to the craniomandibular complex"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yuto","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Suita Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Tsugawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry Suita Osaka 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