{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T18:27:12Z","timestamp":1770488832585,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,20]],"date-time":"2018-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1532044800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009592","name":"Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Z151100004015093"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z151100004015093"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009592","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Propolis has been suggested as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of Brazilian propolis with Hank's balanced salt solution and milk in maintaining the viability of human periodontal ligament cells, their osteogenic differentiation potential, and pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine expression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cell Counting Kit 8 assays were performed to test human periodontal ligament cell viability in different storage media. The preservative effect on osteogenic differentiation was evaluated using alkaline phosphatase staining and activity assays, Alizarin Red S staining, and western blotting. Quantification of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines was performed using real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> and enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brazilian propolis at 10\u00a0\u03bcg\/mL was not cytotoxic toward human periodontal ligament cells. The milk group showed the highest cell viability. Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups showed similar cell viabilities. Alkaline phosphatase staining and activity were similar in all groups. Calcium deposition and mineralization nodule formation were similar in the Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups but were higher in the milk group. Osteogenic marker gene and protein levels were similar in all groups. The genes and protein expression levels of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>1\u03b2, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>6, and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>8 decreased significantly after treatment with Brazilian propolis. <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNF<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u03b1 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">mRNA<\/jats:styled-content> expression showed no significant difference among the experimental groups. Pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine levels in the milk group were higher than in the Brazilian propolis and Hank's balanced salt solution groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Brazilian propolis, Hank's balanced salt solution, and milk maintained the viability of human periodontal ligament cells and preserved their osteogenic differentiation ability similarly. However, Brazilian propolis showed a better anti\u2010inflammatory effect.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,28]],"date-time":"2018-05-28T06:54:27Z","timestamp":1527490467000},"page":"245-253","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Effect of propolis on preserving human periodontal ligament cells and regulating pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0483-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Yuan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Hospital of Stomatology Peking University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry Hospital of Stomatology Peking 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