{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T14:50:53Z","timestamp":1791298253310,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1619827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Long\u2010term splinting of teeth with intra\u2010alveolar root fractures has been considered important for the deposition of hard tissue between the root fragments. The aim of this study was to compare the healing outcomes in teeth with intra\u2010alveolar root fractures relative to splinting times in three dental centers in Scandinavia, using historical data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 512 maxillary and mandibular incisors from three dental trauma centers were included in the study. Two of the centers used long\u2010term splinting protocols of two to three months while the other center used a short\u2010term splinting protocol of one month or less. Three outcomes were evaluated: (1) Healing with hard tissue (dentin and\/or cementum). (2) Healing with connective tissue (periodontal ligament) interposition with or without bone between the fragments. (3) Non\u2010healing due to the coronal pulp being necrotic and infected with granulation tissue interposed between the fragments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean splinting times were 18, 81, and 110\u00a0days in the three centers. Long\u2010term splinting resulted in hard tissue healing more frequently than short\u2010term splinting. Short\u2010term splinting resulted in more connective tissue\/bony healing than long\u2010term splinting, while there was no difference in the frequency of non\u2010healing between long\u2010term and short\u2010term splinting protocols.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the results suggest that long\u2010term splinting favors hard tissue deposition, one cannot, however, conclude that long\u2010term splinting definitely favors hard tissue healing since the treatment protocols were not randomized among the three centers. More clinical studies on the role of splinting time need to be done.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12683","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]],"date-time":"2021-05-01T15:36:42Z","timestamp":1619883402000},"page":"672-676","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Effect of splinting times on the healing of intra\u2010alveolar root fractures in 512 permanent teeth in humans: A Scandinavian multicenter study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6890-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hel\u00e9n","family":"Isaksson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00f6ran","family":"Koch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Dentistry The Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0152-109X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leif K.","family":"Bakland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics School of Dentistry Loma Linda University Loma Linda CA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens Ove","family":"Andreasen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillo\u2010Facial Surgery Resource Center for Rare Oral Diseases University Hospital (Rigshospitalet) Copenhagen 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