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Over decades the conventional treatment for these teeth was calcium hydroxide apexification, a time\u2010consuming procedure despite high success rates. Subsequently after the introduction of mineral trioxide aggregate and hydraulic calcium silicate materials single visit apical plug procedures became increasingly practiced with comparable success rates to the conventional apexification. The search continued afterward for a clinical procedure that may stimulate further root development and apical closure to avoid the long\u2010term complication of root fracture after apexification. Regenerative procedures using stem cells derived from the apical papilla and blood clots as scaffolds were then introduced for the management of immature teeth, with variable protocols and success rates. This review will cover the evidence available and current position of regenerative endodontic procedures in traumatized immature teeth with apical periodontitis, in terms of clinical protocols, outcome, and potential prognostic factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12979","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T13:11:12Z","timestamp":1720703472000},"page":"618-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Regenerative endodontic treatment and traumatic dental injuries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Bill","family":"Kahler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative and Reconstructive Dentistry, School of Dentistry University of Sydney  Camperdown New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology Fujian Medical University  Fuzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nessrin A.","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Conservative Dentistry Department Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_25_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2017.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_3_1","first-page":"718","volume-title":"Textbook and color atlas of traumatic injuries to the pulp","author":"Kahler B","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_4_1","first-page":"475","volume-title":"Cohen's pathways of the pulp","author":"Diogenes A","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12954"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2006.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514537829"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13471"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_9_1","article-title":"The four pillars for successful regenerative therapy in endodontics: stem cells, biomaterials, growth factors, and their synergistic interactions","volume":"19","author":"Brizuela C","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cells Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.1995.tb00462.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-9657.2001.017004185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004770-200404000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12629"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12606"},{"key":"e_1_2_25_15_1","unstructured":"American Association of Endodontists.American Association of Endodontists Clinical Considerations for a Regenerative Procedure. 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