{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:06:10Z","timestamp":1791821170304,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748217600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluated the impact of simulation training using 3D\u2010printed models on anxiety, stress, self\u2010confidence, and knowledge among dental students managing dentoalveolar trauma.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted with fourth\u2010year dental students, who were assigned to two groups. The control group received theoretical instruction only, while the experimental group received theoretical instruction combined with simulation training using 3D\u2010printed models. Prior to the simulation training (T1), all students attended a 30\u2010min lecture covering four trauma types: uncomplicated crown fracture, complicated crown fracture, intrusive luxation, and avulsion. At T1, all students completed questionnaires and a visual analog scale (VAS) to assess anxiety (STAI Trait [T] and State [S]), stress, self\u2010confidence, and knowledge. Following this, only the experimental group participated in the simulation training. At T2 (two weeks later), both groups completed the same questionnaires and VAS assessments. The control group participated in the simulation training after the study concluded. Statistical analyses were conducted using the chi\u2010square test, McNemar test, independent samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test, Mann\u2013Whitney\n                      <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\n                      test, paired samples\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010test, and Wilcoxon test, with statistical significance set at\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009\u2264\u20090.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Each group comprised 34 students, with no significant baseline differences in STAI\u2010T scores (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.57). At T1, no significant differences were observed between groups in STAI\u2010S, VAS, confidence, or knowledge scores. At T2, the experimental group showed significantly higher self\u2010confidence and knowledge scores than the control group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), although stress and anxiety scores remained comparable (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&gt;\u20090.05). Within the experimental group, anxiety, stress, self\u2010confidence, and knowledge scores improved significantly between T1 and T2.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incorporating 3D\u2010printed models into simulation training significantly enhanced students' self\u2010confidence and knowledge in dentoalveolar trauma management, underscoring the value of simulation\u2010based training for improved educational outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.13065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]],"date-time":"2025-05-26T05:44:13Z","timestamp":1748238253000},"page":"714-726","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of\n                    <scp>3D<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Printed Models in Dentoalveolar Trauma Simulation: A Randomized Trial in Undergraduate Dental Training"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3761-8368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cemre","family":"Ko\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Faculty of Dentistry, Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9714-7321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahar Melis","family":"Aky\u0131ld\u0131z","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Ayd\u0131n Adnan Menderes University  Ayd\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ay\u015fe","family":"Ta\u015f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine Ad\u0131yaman University  Ad\u0131yaman T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2008.00696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2006.00341.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2008.00706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2009.00779.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0579.2012.00765.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.12947"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12585"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12772"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12251"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13115"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000497059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12555"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SIH.0000000000000150"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Manual for the State\u2010Trait Inventory STAI (Form Y)","author":"Spielberger C. D.","year":"1983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"1553","article-title":"Dental Anksiyetede Durumluk ve S\u00fcrekli Kayg\u0131 \u00d6l\u00e7e\u011finin Kullan\u0131m\u0131","volume":"8","author":"Ayaz A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"ADO Klinik Bilimler Dergisi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1995.77.2.635"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.13780"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqs140"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19424396.2005.12223882"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12578"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022-0337.2001.65.11.tb03481.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1740774520984870"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.12751"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2016.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.12617"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Unskilled and Unaware of It: How Difficulties in Recognizing One's Own Incompetence Lead to Inflated Self\u2010Assessments","volume":"1","author":"Kruger J.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12912-023-01220-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2013.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0579.2012.00760.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31826af9a9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.12638"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.identj.2024.03.016"}],"container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/edt.13065","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T04:25:36Z","timestamp":1762921536000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/edt.13065"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/edt.13065"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/edt.13065","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1600-4469","1600-9657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1600-4469","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-9657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-03-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}