{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:44:10Z","timestamp":1792129450026,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792022400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Radiographic decision\u2010making is an important component of traumatic dental injury (TDI) management. It requires clinicians to select an appropriate baseline examination, determine whether complementary imaging is needed, choose the most suitable additional modality, and consider advanced imaging only when clinically justified. This study evaluated final\u2010year dental students' sequential radiographic decision\u2010making performance in TDI scenarios using the 2020 International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) guidelines and an expert\u2010consensus scoring framework as references.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional survey study was conducted among final\u2010year dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry of Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University. All 114 eligible students were invited to participate; 110 completed the survey, yielding a participation rate of 96.5%. The instrument included eight clinical trauma scenarios. Each scenario contained four scored decision\u2010making questions addressing the preferred baseline radiographic examination, the need for complementary imaging, selection of the complementary modality, and selective CBCT consideration. The total scenario\u2010based radiographic decision\u2010making score ranged from 0 to 32. Four domain scores, each ranging from 0 to 8, were also calculated for the sequential decision stages. Scenario\u2010level performance and exploratory subgroup comparisons according to gender and self\u2010reported IADT guideline awareness were evaluated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 114 eligible final\u2010year dental students invited to participate, 110 completed the survey, corresponding to a participation rate of 96.5%. The mean total scenario\u2010based radiographic decision\u2010making score was 21.62\u2009\u00b1\u20092.92 out of 32 (95% CI: 21.07\u201322.17), equivalent to 67.6% of the maximum possible score. The lowest mean domain scores were observed for baseline examination selection (5.04\u2009\u00b1\u20091.05 out of 8) and complementary modality selection (5.05\u2009\u00b1\u20091.22), whereas selective CBCT consideration had the highest mean score (6.10\u2009\u00b1\u20091.18). Scenario\u2010level performance was lowest for suspected root fracture and multiple\u2010tooth displacement with segmental mobility. In the three scenarios in which CBCT could be considered selectively, correct CBCT\u2010related responses were 54.5%, 52.7%, and 84.5% in S5, S6, and S7, respectively. Students reporting awareness of the IADT guidelines had higher total scores than those reporting no awareness (23.24\u2009\u00b1\u20092.29 vs. 19.81\u2009\u00b1\u20092.46; unadjusted mean difference: 3.43, 95% CI: 2.53\u20134.33;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001; Cohen's\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20091.45). No gender\u2010related difference was detected.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Final\u2010year dental students demonstrated moderate performance in sequential radiographic decision\u2010making for TDIs, with greater difficulty in selecting the baseline examination and complementary modality and in managing more complex trauma scenarios. Although the overall selective CBCT domain score was comparatively high, recognition of situations in which CBCT could be justified was inconsistent across the three relevant scenarios. Self\u2010reported IADT guideline awareness was associated with higher performance, but this exploratory cross\u2010sectional association should not be interpreted causally. The findings identify potential educational needs in guideline\u2010based imaging selection, staged clinical reasoning, and case\u2010specific CBCT justification.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.70148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:51:06Z","timestamp":1792126266000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sequential Radiographic Decision\u2010Making in Traumatic Dental Injuries Among Final\u2010Year Dental Students: A Scenario\u2010Based Single\u2010Center Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3123-5190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Furkan","family":"Ozbey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University  Afyonkarahisar T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Busra Nur","family":"Gokkurt Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry Giresun University  Giresun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5327-1953","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birkan Eyup","family":"Yilmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry Giresun University  Giresun T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"U.Glendor \u201cOn Dental Trauma in Children and Adolescents Incidence Risk Treatment Time and Costs: Linkopings Universitet (Sweden) \u201d(2000)."},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12395","article-title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Traumatic Dental Injuries: A Review of the Literature","volume":"61","author":"Lam R.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Australian Dental Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","first-page":"234","article-title":"Prevalence, Etiology, and Types of Dental Trauma in Children and Adolescents: Systematic Review and Meta\u2010Analysis","volume":"29","author":"Azami\u2010Aghdash S.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medical Journal of the Islamic Republic Of Iran"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12148","article-title":"Epidemiology and Outcomes of Dental Trauma Cases From an Urban Pediatric Emergency Department","volume":"31","author":"Ritwik P.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-05222-5","article-title":"Paediatric Dental Trauma: Insights From Epidemiological Studies and Management Recommendations","volume":"25","author":"Laforgia A.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2009.00770.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of Limited Cone\u2010Beam Computed Tomography in the Detection of Horizontal Root Fracture","volume":"25","author":"Kamburo\u011flu K.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-013-0940-4","article-title":"Comparison of Intraoral Radiography and Cone\u2010Beam Computed Tomography for the Detection of Horizontal Root Fractures: An In\u00a0Vitro Study","volume":"18","author":"Avsever H.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clinical Oral Investigations"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/84907460","article-title":"Detection of Dental Root Fractures by Using Cone\u2010Beam Computed Tomography","volume":"40","author":"Wang P.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12309","article-title":"Interdisciplinary Approach to Education: Preparing General Dentists to Manage Dental Trauma","volume":"33","author":"Townsend J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12578","article-title":"International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: 1. Fractures and Luxations","volume":"36","author":"Bourguignon C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr\/28403350","article-title":"Radiation Exposure During Midfacial Imaging Using 4\u2010 and 16\u2010Slice Computed Tomography, Cone Beam Computed Tomography Systems and Conventional Radiography","volume":"33","author":"Schulze D.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dento Maxillo Facial Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2009.01.017","article-title":"Use of Cone\u2010Beam Volumetric Tomography in the Diagnosis of Root Fractures","volume":"108","author":"Bernardes R. A.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12574","article-title":"International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries: General Introduction","volume":"36","author":"Levin L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12961","article-title":"Knowledge of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Dental Students About Managing Traumatic Dental Injuries Based on the 2020 International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines: A Online Survey of 10 Dental Schools From 10 Countries","volume":"40","author":"Nagendrababu V.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6831-14-34","article-title":"Knowledge of Emergency Management of Avulsed Tooth Among Japanese Dental Students","volume":"14","author":"Fujita Y.","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.4103\/1305-7456.172636","article-title":"Knowledge and Attitude of Dental Trauma Among Dental Students in Saudi Arabia","volume":"9","author":"Al\u2010Shamiri H. M.","year":"2015","journal-title":"European Journal of Dentistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.70021","article-title":"Evaluation of Students' Self\u2010Perceived Competence in Dental Trauma Management in a Case\u2010Based Simulation Training","volume":"42","author":"Reymus M.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12870","article-title":"Evaluation of Problem\u2010Based Learning in Dental Trauma Education: An Observational Cohort Study","volume":"39","author":"Puranik C. P.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Dental Traumatology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","first-page":"1756","article-title":"Evaluation of Retention of Dental Students' Trauma Knowledge Following a Reminder Lecture","volume":"29","author":"Karapinar\u2010Kazandag M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biomedical Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07584-y","article-title":"Chinese Dental Students' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Regarding Traumatic Dental Injuries in Immature Permanent Teeth","volume":"25","author":"Yu J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Medical Education"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_56_22","article-title":"Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (Kap) Survey on the Management of Traumatic Dental Injuries (Tdis) Among Dental Students in Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University (Psau), Alkharj","volume":"14","author":"Uthman U.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.12659\/PJR.896847","article-title":"Clinically Unjustified Diagnostic Imaging\u2013a Worrisome Tendency in Today's Medical Practice","volume":"81","author":"Sobiecka A.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Polish Journal of Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","first-page":"1169","article-title":"SADMFR Guidelines for the Use of Cone\u2010Beam Computed Tomography\/Digital Volume Tomography","volume":"124","author":"Dula K.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Swiss Dental Journal SSO\u2010Science and Clinical Topics"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2021.10.003","article-title":"Development and Evaluation of Clinical Reasoning Using \u2018Think Aloud\u2019 Approach in Pharmacy Undergraduates\u2013A Mixed\u2010Methods Study","volume":"29","author":"Altalhi F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","article-title":"Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice in Medical Education\u2014A Systematic Review","volume":"9","author":"Taras J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cureus"}],"container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/edt.70148","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/edt.70148","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/edt.70148","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T04:51:21Z","timestamp":1792126281000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/edt.70148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/edt.70148"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/edt.70148","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1600-4469","1600-9657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1600-4469","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-9657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-05","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"edt.70148"}}