{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:47:34Z","timestamp":1791780454840,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction and Aim<\/jats:title>\n Simulation\u2010based learning using 3D\u2010printed models offers a promising approach to improve confidence in complex procedures. Dental trauma can lead to severe functional and esthetic consequences if not managed promptly and effectively. This study aimed to assess the impact of a novel 3D\u2010printed simulation model on self\u2010reported confidence in dental trauma management among undergraduate students.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n An observational comparative study was conducted at the Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Toulouse, France. Two cohorts were included: fifth\u2010year students who trained with the 3D\u2010printed model and sixth\u2010year students without simulation exposure. The model replicated avulsion, crown fracture with pulp exposure, and apexification in immature incisors. Self\u2010reported confidence in four key skills\u2014tooth replantation, splinting, partial pulpotomy, and apexification\u2014was measured on a 0\u20135 Likert scale. Between\u2010year comparisons were performed using Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum (Mann\u2013Whitney\n U<\/jats:italic>\n ) tests, and effect sizes (\n r<\/jats:italic>\n ) were computed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Fifth\u2010year students reported significantly higher confidence in tooth replantation (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.00029,\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.389) and apexification (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.000001,\n r<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.559), indicating moderate to large educational effects. No significant differences were observed for emergency management, splinting, or partial pulpotomy.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n High\u2010fidelity 3D\u2010printed models enhance self\u2010reported confidence in complex and infrequent dental trauma procedures, particularly apexification and replantation. Their integration into preclinical curricula may improve preparedness for real\u2010life emergencies and advanced endodontic management. Future studies should include objective performance measures and assess long\u2010term retention.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.70149","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:34:58Z","timestamp":1791779698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association Between a\n 3D<\/scp>\n \u2010Printed Simulation Model and Self\u2010Assessed Confidence in Dental Trauma Management"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Alison","family":"Prosper","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"},{"name":"InCOMM Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut Des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC) Inserm\/Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7557-6042","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie\u2010C\u00e9cile","family":"Val\u00e9ra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"},{"name":"Inserm U1048, Institut Des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC) Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"B\u00e9n\u00e9tah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3659-255X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9phanie","family":"Brayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Vaysse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0579-341X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathieu","family":"Marty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Faculty, Department of Dental Surgery Paul Sabatier University Toulouse France"},{"name":"InCOMM Intestine ClinicOmics Metabolism & Microbiota, Institut Des Maladies M\u00e9taboliques et Cardiovasculaires (I2MC) Inserm\/Universit\u00e9 Paul Sabatier Toulouse France"},{"name":"LIRDEF (EA 3749), D\u00e9partement Des Sciences de L'\u00e9ducation Universit\u00e9 Montpellier III Paul Valery Montpellier France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","volume-title":"Textbook and Color Atlas of Traumatic Injuries to the Teeth","author":"Andreasen J. O.","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12610"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12198"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12404"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010025\u201007701\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.70021"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.13065"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/iej.14235"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13992"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"M.Benyamin S.Hamdan T.Fasham et\u00a0al. \u201cPerceived Educational Value of a Self\u2010Developed 3D\u2010Printed Pediatric Dentistry Simulator. Journal of Dental Education \u201d(2026) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jdd.70199.","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.70199"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13863"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.44279"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033\u2010295x.84.2.191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010022\u201003504\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010021\u201001852\u20101"}],"container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/edt.70149","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/edt.70149","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/edt.70149","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T04:35:04Z","timestamp":1791779704000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/edt.70149"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/edt.70149"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/edt.70149","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1600-4469","1600-9657"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1600-4469","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-9657","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-02","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-04","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"edt.70149"}}