{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T05:52:37Z","timestamp":1793944357866,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]],"date-time":"2014-04-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1397174400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIMH, Bethesda, USA","award":["RO1 41469"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 41469"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>The notion of a disordered self as a core disturbance of schizophrenia was proposed in many foundational texts. Recent studies, spurred by the development of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xamination of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>nomalous <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>elf\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>xperience (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EASE<\/jats:styled-content>), seem to indicate that self\u2010disorders are a specific manifestation of schizophrenia vulnerability. Follow\u2010up studies of help\u2010seeking, prodromal and first\u2010admission patients have demonstrated the utility of self\u2010disorders for predicting later schizophrenia\u2010spectrum disturbance. We wished to extend these findings by gauging the predictive value of self\u2010disorders in a premorbid, non\u2010clinical population at high risk for schizophrenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Children from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>openhagen <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>igh\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">R<\/jats:styled-content>isk <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content>roject with high\u2010genetic risk for schizophrenia (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009212) were assessed premorbidly (average age\u2009=\u200915), and diagnostically re\u2010evaluated after 10 and 25 years. Since the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EASE<\/jats:styled-content> was not available at the time of premorbid assessment, we hypothesized that a proxy scale drawn from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMPI<\/jats:styled-content>) could distinguish those who later developed a schizophrenia\u2010spectrum disorder (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200968) from those who remained healthy (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200964). The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>elf\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>isorder Scale comprised 32 items whose content suggested an aspect of self\u2010disorder as measured by the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EASE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Premorbid Self\u2010Disorder Scale scores significantly predicted lifetime schizophrenia\u2010spectrum diagnosis in the high\u2010risk cohort. Although there was considerable item overlap between the new scale and an existing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MMPI<\/jats:styled-content> scale (psychoticism), the overlap did not account for the Self\u2010Disorder Scale's predictive efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results support the notion of self\u2010disorders as a core vulnerability feature in schizophrenia, detectable premorbidly in those developing later schizophrenia\u2010spectrum disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12140","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]],"date-time":"2014-04-11T10:34:58Z","timestamp":1397212498000},"page":"45-53","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Premorbid self\u2010disorders and lifetime diagnosis in the schizophrenia spectrum: a prospective high\u2010risk study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Josef","family":"Parnas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Subjectivity Research University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Psychiatric Center Hvidovre University of Copenhagen  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Horizon Consumer Science  Glendale California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Nordgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Center Hvidovre University of Copenhagen  Hvidovre Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Die prim\u00e4re Insuffizienz der psychischen Aktivit\u00e4t","author":"Berze J","year":"1914"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Der Verlust der nat\u00fcrlichen Selbstverst\u00e4ndlichkeit. 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