{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T01:10:15Z","timestamp":1783127415606,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]],"date-time":"2016-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1482105600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences"},{"name":"Iran Drug Control Headquarters"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the clinical course and outcome of patients with methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis in comparison with patients with primary psychotic disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This prospective study was conducted on patients with methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis, and 2 groups of primary psychotic disorders: affective psychosis and non\u2010affective psychosis admitted to 2 psychiatric hospitals in Tehran, Iran, with a first episode of a psychotic illness. A total of 165 subjects (55 in each group) were selected using convenience sampling. They were assessed at the time of admission, discharge and 6 and 12 months after discharge using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Young Mania Rating Scale and the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale. The frequency of readmissions and suicide attempts were also assessed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant differences were found in the trend of changes of symptoms and functioning among the 3 groups. At all\u2010time points, the severity of negative psychotic symptoms and dysfunction in the non\u2010affective psychosis group were greater than those in affective or methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis groups, with latter 2 having similar profiles. However, the course of positive symptoms in methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis was more similar to non\u2010affective psychosis. Number of suicide attempts and readmissions were non\u2010significantly higher in methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis than in the other groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis does not have a satisfactory course and in some cases symptoms may remain even after many months of follow\u2010up. Rate of certain outcomes such as re\u2010hospitalization is also considerably high. It is a challenge for the health\u2010care system that requires evidence\u2010based interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]],"date-time":"2016-12-19T11:59:17Z","timestamp":1482148757000},"page":"928-934","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Twelve\u2010month course and outcome of methamphetamine\u2010induced psychosis compared with first episode primary psychotic disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Hajebi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Addiction &amp; Risky Behavior (ReCARB), Department of Psychiatry Iran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Homayoun","family":"Amini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leila","family":"Kashani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vandad","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Psychiatry and Psychology Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2011.00124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0447.2005.00658.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajp.2015.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual\u2010text revision (DSM\u2010IV\u2010TRim, 2000)","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/add.13453"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"168","article-title":"One year follow\u2010up of patients with bipolar disorder admitted to Roozbeh Hospital (article in Persian)","volume":"15","author":"Amini H.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-12-221"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.10070937"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.185.3.196"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0004867416641195"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10550490050172209"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","first-page":"534","article-title":"Acute adult and adolescent poisoning in Tehran, Iran; 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