{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T10:29:27Z","timestamp":1783247367668,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["H61J08000200001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H61J08000200001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Current diagnostic systems, DSM\u20105 and ICD\u201010, still adopt a categorical approach to classify psychotic disorders. The present study was aimed at investigating the structure of psychotic symptomatology in both affective and non\u2010affective psychosis from a dimensional approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants with a first episode psychosis (FEP) were recruited from a cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial (GET\u2010UP PIANO TRIAL), offered to all Community Mental Health Centres (CMHCs) located across two northern Italian regions. After clinical stabilization, patients were assessed with a comprehensive set of psychopathological measures including the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Bech\u2010Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale. A two\u2010step cluster analysis was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, 257 FEP patients (male, n\u2009=\u2009171, 66.5%; mean age\u2009=\u200924.96\u2009\u00b1\u20094.56) were included in the study. The cluster analysis revealed a robust four\u2010cluster solution: delusional\u2010persecutory (n\u2009=\u200982; 31.9%), depressed (n\u2009=\u200995; 37%), excited (n\u2009=\u200926; 10.1%) and negative\u2010disorganized (n\u2009=\u200954; 21%), thus suggesting a quadripartite structure with both affective and non\u2010affective dimensions. Among non\u2010affective dimensions, negative and disorganization symptoms constituted a unique construct apart from positive symptoms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Symptom dimensions may represent a useful tool for dissecting the indistinct and non\u2010specific psychopathology of FEP in order to better target specific interventions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,15]],"date-time":"2019-01-15T12:30:16Z","timestamp":1547555416000},"page":"1431-1438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Dimensional structure of first episode psychosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Matteo","family":"Tonna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Unit\u00e0 di Psichiatria, Universit\u00e0 di Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0644-3158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Ossola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Unit\u00e0 di Psichiatria, Universit\u00e0 di Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Marchesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Unit\u00e0 di Psichiatria, Universit\u00e0 di Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Bettini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Unit\u00e0 di Psichiatria, Universit\u00e0 di Parma  Parma Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Lasalvia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Psichiatria Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI) Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Bonetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacopo","family":"Lenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Rucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna  Bologna Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Iozzino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Cellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Az. USL Firenze  Florence Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Comacchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Doriana","family":"Cristofalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Psychiatry, University of Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2126-799X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Armando","family":"D'Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry University of Milano  Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"de Girolamo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Psychiatric Epidemiology and Evaluation Unit, IRCSS St John of God Clinical Research Centre of Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katia","family":"De Santi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOC Psichiatria Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata (AOUI) Verona  Verona Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Ghigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mental Health Az. 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