{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T11:47:58Z","timestamp":1771674478765,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004281","name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UMO\u20102011\/03\/D\/NZ5\/06146"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UMO\u20102011\/03\/D\/NZ5\/06146"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004281","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title><jats:p>An increasing incidence of mood disorders in adolescents and young adults is being observed. The assessment of personality traits seems to be an interesting tool in identifying early markers of major depression (MD) or bipolar disorder (BD) as well as predictors of the course of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the personality profiles in young patients with MD and BD in acute and remitted mood states.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title><jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy\u2010nine adolescents and young adults with mood disorder diagnoses (MD or BD) were included in the study. The participants were assessed based on structured diagnostic interviews and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). The clinical evaluation was conducted during the acute episodes and after reaching the stabilized mood in the course of follow\u2010up visits in a 2\u2010year study observation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title><jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title><jats:p>At baseline, MD patients had higher scores on the harm avoidance (HA) with more pronounced anticipatory worry and fatigability subscale than BD patients. Conversely, BD patients reached higher scores in the total self\u2010directedness (SD) character dimension and its sub\u2010dimensions. MD patients with acute depressive symptoms had higher scores in the HA dimension and its subscale: anticipatory worry, shyness, and fatigability compared with their euthymic states. No significant differences in TCI dimensions between baseline and euthymia in the BD subgroup were found, and no differences between euthymic MD and BD patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title><jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic><\/jats:title><jats:p>Higher ST and SD sub\u2010dimensions may constitute a personality profile specific to BD, while high HA seems to be related to major depression in both acute and remitted states in young patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.13273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]],"date-time":"2022-02-12T08:43:26Z","timestamp":1644655406000},"page":"1240-1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Temperament and character dimensions as psychological markers of mood disorders in Polish adolescents and young adults\u2014A prospective study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5955-986X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Rajewska\u2010Rager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Staniek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Psychiatry Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kamila","family":"Kucharska\u2010Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Psychiatry Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawel","family":"Kapelski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Lepczynska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Karol Jonscher Clinical Hospital Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Dmitrzak\u2010Weglarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Pawlak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Skibinska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatric Genetics, Chair of Psychiatry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-4679(199505)51:3<331::aid-jclp2270510303>3.0.co;2-t"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-1781(97)03096-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-000-0004-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291710002333"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(96)00024-6"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"285","article-title":"Reliability and validity of a histologic score as a marker for skin cancer chemoprevention studies","volume":"25","author":"Bozzo P.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Analytical and Quantitative Cytology and Histology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.2001.89.3.747"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIS.2016.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1987.01800180093014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0165-0327(98)00153-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2466\/pr0.1991.69.3.1047"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"The Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI): A guide to its development and use","author":"Cloninger C. 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