{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T16:48:17Z","timestamp":1782492497040,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1031119"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1031119"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1049911"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1049911"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["APP10499110"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP10499110"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) for neuroticism, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia are higher in individuals manifesting trans\u2010diagnostic risk factors for the development of major mental disorders and whether PRS enhance prediction of early onset full\u2010threshold disorders.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using data from the Brisbane Longitudinal Twin Study, we examined individual PRS for neuroticism, depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, recorded evidence of subthreshold syndromes and family history of mood and\/or psychotic disorders and noted progression to trans\u2010diagnostic clinical caseness (onset of major mental disorders) at follow\u2010up. We undertook multivariate, receiver operating curve and logistic regression analyses that were adjusted for known variables of influence (age, twin status, and so on).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of 1473 eligible participants (female\u2009=\u2009866, 59%; mean age 26.3\u2009years), 28% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009409) met caseness criteria for a mood and\/or psychotic disorder. All PRS were higher in cases versus non\u2010cases but associations with different levels of risk were inconsistent. The prediction of caseness (reported as area under the curve with 95% confidence intervals [CI]) improved from 0.68 (95% CI: 0.65, 0.71) when estimated using clinical risk factors alone up to 0.71 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.73) when PRS were added to the model. Logistic regression identified five variables that optimally classified individuals according to caseness: age, sex, individual risk characteristics, PRS for depression and mental health case status of cotwins or siblings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The findings need replication. However, this exploratory study suggests that combining PRS with other risk factors has the potential to improve outcome prediction in youth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.13472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]],"date-time":"2023-10-04T08:38:53Z","timestamp":1696408733000},"page":"397-405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Polygenic risk scores and the prediction of onset of mood and psychotic disorders in adolescents and young adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7203-8601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Scott","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience Newcastle University  Newcastle UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacob J.","family":"Crouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Medland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enda","family":"Byrne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Iorfino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brittany","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan A.","family":"Gillespie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics Virginia Commonwealth University  Richmond Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QIMR Berghofer Institute of Medical Research  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naomi","family":"Wray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Bioscience The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Queensland Brain Institute The University of Queensland  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian B.","family":"Hickie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain and Mind Centre The University of Sydney  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2173638"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","article-title":"Nineteen and Up study (19Up): Understanding pathways to mental health disorders in young Australian twins","volume":"8","author":"Couvy\u2010Duchesne B.","year":"2018","journal-title":"British Medical Journal Open"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60512-6"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"1167","article-title":"Clinical stage transitions in persons aged 12 to 25\u2009years presenting to early intervention mental health services with anxiety, mood, and psychotic disorders","volume":"76","author":"Iorfino F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13422"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2711"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.12906"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/wps.20514"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.b.30764"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/thg.2019.27"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"1152","article-title":"Polygenic risk scores derived from varying definitions of depression and risk of depression","volume":"78","author":"Mitchell B.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"210","article-title":"Could polygenic risk scores be useful in psychiatry? 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