{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T11:06:31Z","timestamp":1794135991466,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024216","name":"College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024216","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mental disorders and HIV are the main contributors to the increase in years lived with disability rates per person in sub\u2010Saharan Africa. A complex inter\u2010relationship exists between HIV and mental illness, especially in a region with a high HIV prevalence. We examined the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP), and the nature of psychotic and cognitive symptoms in people with first episode psychosis (FEP) living with and without HIV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Adults aged between 18 and 45\u2009years were assessed using a clinical interview, physical examination and several psychiatric tools. These included the Mini International Neuro\u2010psychiatric Interview to confirm psychosis, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, International HIV Dementia Scale and other scales to measure symptom variables. HIV ELISA was used for HIV serology testing, with measures being carried out within 6\u2009weeks of the first presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 172 people presenting with FEP, 36 (21%) had comorbid HIV, those with both being older and more likely to be female (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). Clinically, participants with FEP and HIV scored lower on the positive subscale (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.008). There were no statistically significant differences for DUP or cognitive screening. Of those living with HIV and FEP (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200936) comorbidity, nine were newly diagnosed with HIV at the time of the study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Individuals presenting with FEP and comorbid HIV were older, female and reported more mood symptoms. The identification of nine new HIV infections also reflects the ongoing need to test for HIV in people presenting with severe mental illness.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.13561","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T05:54:02Z","timestamp":1716875642000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical presentation of first episode psychosis in people with and without <scp>HIV<\/scp> in <scp>KwaZulu\u2010Natal<\/scp>, <scp>South Africa<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4436-2025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Usha","family":"Chhagan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vuyokazi","family":"Ntlantsana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enver","family":"Karim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lindokuhle","family":"Thela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Tomita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KwaZulu\u2010Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"},{"name":"Centre for Rural Health, School of Nursing and Public Health, College of Health Sciences University of KwaZulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonginkosi","family":"Chiliza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8173-211X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saeeda","family":"Paruk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine University of Kwazulu\u2010Natal  Durban South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1988.01800330091011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2989\/AJAR.2009.8.2.1.853"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2989\/16085906.2011.593373"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006842-199209000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-008-0308-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20871"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NMD.0000000000001366"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2020-046593"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2014.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2005.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09540120500307842"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1192\/j.eurpsy.2021.2241"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200401001-00006"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"Neuropsychiatric manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS","volume":"30","author":"Dub\u00e9 B.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(02)00302-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291798006667"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkn193"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(15)00089-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e318160d53e"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/18.3.471"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.285.11.1466"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","first-page":"S269","article-title":"HIV and mental health: An overview of research from India","volume":"52","author":"Jayarajan N.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-016-1316-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2010.0292"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/schbul\/13.2.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-003-0678-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874613601610010034"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13550280290167948"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2001.016009606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12575"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-9964(99)00129-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0b013e3181777a5f"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1984.01790130053007"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A chart review of human immunodeficiency virus status in patients admitted with psychosis in Durban, South Africa","volume":"24","author":"Mere S. M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"South African Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044415"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11481-020-09927-6"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","first-page":"172","article-title":"The relationships between depression and remission in first\u2010episode psychosis","volume":"5","author":"Oosthuizen P.","year":"2006","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5195\/jmla.2018.319"},{"issue":"13","key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","first-page":"1367","article-title":"The international HIV dementia scale: A new rapid screening test for HIV dementia","volume":"19","author":"Sacktor N. C.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Aids"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","article-title":"HIV\u2010associated psychosis: A study of 20 cases","volume":"151","author":"Sewell D. D.","year":"1994","journal-title":"The American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13142"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","first-page":"22","article-title":"The MINI\u2010international neuropsychiatric interview (MINI): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM\u2010IV and ICD\u201010","volume":"59","author":"Sheehan D. V.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2015.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01161-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-6394(1998)7:4<178::AID-DA6>3.0.CO;2-6"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","article-title":"Acute psychiatric in\u2010patients tested for HIV status: A clinical profile","volume":"10","author":"Van Rensburg B. J.","year":"2007","journal-title":"South African Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.13110"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","unstructured":"WHO. (1987).Pathways of patients with mental disorders: A multi\u2010centre collaborative project. World Health Organizationhttp:\/\/whqlibdoc.who.int\/hq\/1987\/mnh_nat_87.1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization. (2012).Programme on mental health: WHOQOL user manual."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2018.05.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1745017901915010153"}],"container-title":["Early Intervention in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eip.13561","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,16]],"date-time":"2025-04-16T15:34:27Z","timestamp":1744817667000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eip.13561"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eip.13561"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.13561","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-7885","1751-7893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-7885","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-7893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-03-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-09","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-05-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e13561"}}