{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:51:19Z","timestamp":1791334279890,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791158400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Early Intervention Psych"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the importance of early intervention, a substantial proportion of students experiencing psychological distress do not access professional care. This study compared the coping responses that Japanese university students without a history of psychological distress anticipate with those that students with such a history report and examined factors associated with the use of formal professional care rather than inaction among the latter group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross\u2010sectional survey was completed by 2025 undergraduates (Grades 1\u20134) at a large Japanese public university, representing 16.9% of the eligible undergraduate population. Students who reported no history of psychological distress described hypothetical help\u2010seeking intentions; those with such a history reported the coping responses they had used, classified as Formal Help, Informal Help, Self\u2010Care, or Inaction by a hierarchical priority rule. A binomial logistic regression (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009402) examined adjusted associations with Formal Help versus Inaction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The distribution of hypothetical intentions differed from the distribution of reported behaviour across groups (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      (3)\u2009=\u2009109.0,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Informal help accounted for 50.5% of hypothetical intentions and 30.8% of reported behaviour, whereas formal care accounted for 20.7% and 36.6%, respectively, and inaction for 7.0% and 13.0%. Higher generalized\u2010anxiety scores were associated with formal care rather than inaction (OR\u2009=\u20092.51,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001); depression was not associated with the binary outcome (OR\u2009=\u20090.81,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.434). Positive attitudes toward professional help (OR\u2009=\u20091.23,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), female sex (OR\u2009=\u20092.06,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.011), and independent living (OR\u2009=\u20091.82,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.035) were also associated with formal care, whereas perceived stigma was not significant (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.385). The model showed adequate discrimination (area under the ROC curve\u2009=\u20090.82).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this cross\u2010sectional sample, generalized anxiety, positive attitudes toward professional help, female sex, and independent living were associated with formal care relative to inaction; depression was not independently associated with the outcome. The findings support prospective evaluation of low\u2010threshold outreach and multidimensional literacy and access interventions but do not establish causality or intervention effectiveness.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eip.70268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T03:50:51Z","timestamp":1791258651000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Help\u2010Seeking Among University Students: Symptom, Attitudinal, and Demographic Correlates of Formal Care Use Versus Inaction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1415-8701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shinichi","family":"Iwasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5320-6569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiko","family":"Deguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-2686-3480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shohei","family":"Okura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3044-3921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koki","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003\u2010066X.58.1.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/abn0000362"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2025.2555594"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010clinpsy\u2010032210\u2010104535"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mpr.1782"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MLR.0b013e31803bb4c1"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help: A Shortened Form and Considerations for Research","volume":"36","author":"Fischer E. H.","year":"1995","journal-title":"Journal of College Student Development"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2021.647940"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u2010244X\u201010\u2010113"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471\u2010244X\u201012\u201081"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpr.12345"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027504268574"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40359\u2010019\u20100285\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pcn5.70153"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2026.117026"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/YCO.0b013e32816ebc8c"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/07067437241295640"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpp.13606"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0021282"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326\u20105377.2007.tb01326.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15579883251321670"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.2022.2115303"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596\u2010014\u20100205\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945914543954"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.childyouth.2022.106861"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326\u20105377.2007.tb01334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14792772143000003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/spc3.12265"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reliability and Validity of a Scale for Assessing the Attitudes of Japanese Students Seeking Professional Psychological Help","volume":"47","author":"Uematsu A.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Bulletin of Japan Lutheran College"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0023688"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0033\u20102909.132.2.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0325212"}],"container-title":["Early Intervention in Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eip.70268","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/eip.70268","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eip.70268","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T00:06:27Z","timestamp":1791331587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eip.70268"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eip.70268"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eip.70268","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1751-7885","1751-7893"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1751-7885","type":"print"},{"value":"1751-7893","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-18","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70268"}}