{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T13:18:05Z","timestamp":1788787085400,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]],"date-time":"2025-02-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740355200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dental Education"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A high frequency of mental issues has been reported amongst dental students in recent years. The aim of this study was to explore the frequency of depression, stress, and anxiety amongst undergraduate dental students in a developing country and identify factors which may contribute to the poor mental health of dental students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>After obtaining ethical approval, undergraduate dental students from 14 dental institutions were invited to participate in an online study. Data were collected using two globally validated scales for screening mental health. The survey inventory also included two open\u2010ended items and was administered using Google forms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Complete responses were received from 639 participants, which included 71.67% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009458) females and 28.33% (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009181) males. The overall response rate was 43%. The modal age group was 18\u201321\u2010year\u2010olds (63.54%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009406), followed by 22\u201325\u2010year\u2010olds (35.52%,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009227). The mean score on PHQ\u20109 was 10.37 (SD\u2009\u00b1\u20096.13) and 48.67% of participants showed moderate to severe depression. The mean DASS\u201321 score was 20.81 (SD\u2009\u00b1\u200914.64) and 48.21% of participants were screened positively for moderate to extremely severe depression, 49.30% for moderate to extremely severe anxiety, and 30.36% of participants showed features of moderate to extremely severe stress. Significantly positive correlations were observed for the whole sample and demographic factors for participant scores on PHQ\u20109 for Depression, and Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scores on DASS\u201021. Academic workload, social interactions, personal factors, academic environment, and financial difficulties were reported as the main causes of poor mental health.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study shows a high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress amongst undergraduate dental students in a country with a unique socio\u2010cultural landscape. The study also identified underlying factors which adversely affect the mental health of dental students and provides recommendations to address these challenges.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.13085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T14:18:10Z","timestamp":1740579490000},"page":"451-461","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Beyond the Smile: Exploring the Mental Well\u2010Being of Dental Students Across Institutions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3122-6729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamran","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"QU Health College of Dental Medicine Qatar University  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6534-6916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Zahra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology Plymouth University  Plymouth UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulfat","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Islamic International Dental College Riphah International University  Islamabad Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hina Zafar","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Institute of Dentistry  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Usman","family":"Sana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azra Naheed Dental College Superior University  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Shakoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CMH Institute of Dentistry  Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariya","family":"Khalid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sardar Begum Dental College Gandhara University  Peshawar Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amna","family":"Mansoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KMU Institute of Dentistry  Kohat Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahwish","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"QU Health College of Dental Medicine Qatar University  Doha Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640211057724"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jpm.12273"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0204558"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.12768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.0022\u20100337.2013.77.10.tb05609.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00207640211066734"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.938892"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tct.13518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13122"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen\u20102021\u2010054728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2021.103228"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09638237.2021.1875420"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10872981.2023.2171700"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10872981.2019.1709278"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40596\u2010021\u201001503\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888\u2010200604000\u201000009"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2022.818295"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000015337"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1039856214522528"},{"issue":"115","key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"2213","article-title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Undergraduate Medical Students of Umm Al\u2010Qura University, Saudi Arabia: A Cross Sectional Study","volume":"25","author":"Alhothali O. 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