{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:15:43Z","timestamp":1790612143310,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dental Education"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the impact of a tailored ergonomic lecture on postural risk among second\u2010year endodontic residents depending on the use of no magnification, ergonomic loupes, or an operating microscope.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A within\u2010subjects, repeated measures crossover study was conducted before and after a tailored ergonomic lecture. Ten postgraduate students from the Master's in Endodontics at the European University of Madrid each treated three comparable molar cases under three randomised visual conditions: no magnification, 7.5\u00d7 ergonomic loupes, and a dental microscope. Baseline and post\u2010lecture procedures were video recorded from three angles, and the most representative still frame was scored using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). A 90\u2010min tailored lecture on clinical ergonomics separated the two recording sessions. Musculoskeletal symptoms data were collected with the Nordic Questionnaire. Aligned\u2010rank\u2010transform ANOVA with Friedman and Conover post hoc tests was used for statistical analysis (\u03b1\u2009=\u20090.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      All participants reported musculoskeletal pain during the preceding 12\u2009months, most frequently in the neck (50%) and lower back (50%). At baseline, significant differences were found between magnification conditions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.00027). Students working without magnification had significantly higher RULA scores than those using loupes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) or a microscope (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with no significant difference between loupes and microscope (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.96). Following the intervention, a marked reduction in RULA scores was observed in the no\u2010magnification group; however, their scores remained significantly higher compared to the microscope group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and the loupes group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single, task\u2010specific ergonomic session combined with magnification significantly reduced postural load in endodontic residents, although working with no magnification continued to pose moderate to severe risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.70203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T09:46:41Z","timestamp":1780220801000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of an Educational Intervention on Postural Risk Among Endodontic Residents Under Different Magnification Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Alberto","family":"Garc\u00eda Alcaide","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Dentistry Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid  Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0500-8936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio Jes\u00fas","family":"Conde Villar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Dentistry Faculty of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid  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