{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:12:50Z","timestamp":1791821570427,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dental Education"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background\/Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) are common clinical emergencies that require prompt and evidence\u2010based management to ensure favourable outcomes. The International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT) provides widely accepted guidelines; however, adherence to these recommendations depends on clinicians' knowledge and clinical preparedness. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding the management of TDIs among final\u2010year dental students and dental interns in Poland, based on the 2020 IADT guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A nationwide, multi\u2010institutional cross\u2010sectional survey was conducted among final\u2010year dental students and dental interns from all ten dental universities in Poland. A validated questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic questions, self\u2010reported awareness and experience, and twelve clinical scenarios related to TDI management was distributed online.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1144 respondents participated (801 students and 343 interns), yielding an overall response rate of 65.0%. Interns reported significantly greater awareness of dental trauma guidelines (90.96% vs. 85.64%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u20090.013) and more frequent clinical experience in TDIs managing compared with students (37.03% vs. 19.98%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Self\u2010rated good or very good knowledge was more frequently reported by interns (31.49% vs. 18.85%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). For all clinical scenarios evaluated, interns demonstrated significantly higher consistency with IADT recommendations (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), particularly in the emergency management of avulsion (91.84% vs. 61.17%), splinting duration (85.13% vs. 51.44%) and endodontic management of replanted mature teeth (81.63% vs. 60.17%). However, knowledge gaps were observed in both groups, especially regarding the selection of optimal transport medium, where milk was correctly identified as first\u2010choice by only 4.96% of interns and 15.98% of students. Interns demonstrated significantly higher knowledge scores than students (median 8 [Q1\u2013Q3: 6\u20139] vs. 6 [4\u20138],\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), with a greater proportion classified as having good knowledge (40.23% vs. 17.23%), while agreement between self\u2010assessed and actual knowledge was weak to moderate (Kendall's tau: 0.135\u20130.309,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&lt;\u20090.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although dental interns demonstrated superior knowledge and confidence compared with final\u2010year students, notable gaps in guideline\u2010based management of TDIs persist in both groups. These findings highlight the need for enhanced undergraduate education, increased clinical exposure and structured training in dental traumatology to improve preparedness for managing traumatic dental injuries.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.70210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:09:59Z","timestamp":1781194199000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Knowledge and Awareness of Recommendations for the Management of Dental Trauma Among Final\u2010Year Dental Students and Dental Interns in Poland: A Multi\u2010Institutional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5042-5985","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kacper","family":"Nijakowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Nowak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jakub","family":"Majewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Poznan University of Medical Sciences  Poznan Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Krokosz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Medical University of Bialystok  Bialystok Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Virginia Ewa","family":"Lis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry Medical University of Bialystok  Bialystok Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Kocha\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Medical University of Gdansk  Gdansk Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piotr","family":"Ziobro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Medical University of Silesia  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Zawilska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Medical University of Silesia  Katowice Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryszard","family":"Feret","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Dentistry Jagiellonian University \u2010 Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Szczeklik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrated Dentistry Jagiellonian University \u2010 Medical College  Cracow Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Sitarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry With Endodontics Medical University of Lublin  Lublin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norbert","family":"Sobo\u0144","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry Medical University of Lodz  Lodz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1315-4370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Bociong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Dentistry Medical University of Lodz  Lodz Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Szymon","family":"\u0141acinik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin  Szczecin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3446-6119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Jedli\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Interdisciplinary Dentistry Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin  Szczecin Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Orla\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iga","family":"Nanowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry With Endodontics Wroclaw Medical University  Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Sko\u015bkiewicz\u2010Malinowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry With Endodontics Wroclaw Medical University  Wroclaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3918-4332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bart\u0142omiej","family":"G\u00f3rski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases Medical University of Warsaw  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12395"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6401297"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600\u20109657.2010.00924.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12640"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12578"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12573"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12574"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12576"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784\u2010012\u20100817\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20109657.2002.00079.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0039-1698974","article-title":"Parental Knowledge and Attitudes Regarding the Emergency Treatment of Avulsed Permanent Teeth","volume":"6","author":"Ozer S.","year":"2012","journal-title":"European Journal of Dentistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12298"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23804\/ejpd.2018.19.04.5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12388"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12938"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_56_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12961"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12761"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.98059"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21142\/2523\u20102754\u20100904\u20102021\u2010083"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.13061"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12754"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903\u2010025\u201007382\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010025\u201007791\u20107"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","first-page":"276","article-title":"Assessment of Dentists' Knowledge in Rabat Concerning the Management of Dental Expulsion","volume":"100","author":"Azzahim L.","year":"2022","journal-title":"La Tunisie M\u00e9dicale"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18020706"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12450"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdj.2016.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/tdj.tdj_11_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12623"}],"container-title":["European Journal of Dental Education"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eje.70210","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/eje.70210","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/eje.70210","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T16:10:01Z","timestamp":1781194201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/eje.70210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/eje.70210"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/eje.70210","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1396-5883","1600-0579"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1396-5883","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0579","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-11","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"eje.70210"}}