{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T06:21:19Z","timestamp":1783146079814,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783036800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dental Education"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Appropriate antibiotic prescribing is a core competency in dental education. This study evaluated dental students' knowledge, antibiotic selection patterns, and adherence to international guidelines for the management of endodontic infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An online survey was administered to students in their final two clinical years across 19 countries. Three clinical scenarios were evaluated: first\u2010line antibiotic choice, second\u2010line when the first choice is ineffective, and drug of choice for penicillin\u2010allergic patients. Participants reported drug, dose, frequency, and duration. Guideline adherence was quantified using a 0\u20135 scoring system based on European Society of Endodontology and American Association of Endodontists recommendations. Mixed\u2010effects linear regression models with country as a random effect were used to identify predictors of guideline\u2010concordant prescribing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 4226 responses were analysed. Amoxicillin was the most frequently selected first\u2010line antibiotic (57.6%), followed by amoxicillin\u2013clavulanic acid (18.4%), with marked between\u2010country variation; adjusted first\u2010choice concordance was highest in Colombia (4.57) and lowest in Bangladesh (2.49). For second\u2010line therapy, amoxicillin\u2013clavulanic acid predominated (33.2%), with the highest adherence in Ecuador (3.40) and the lowest in Switzerland (2.15). In penicillin\u2010allergic patients, clindamycin was most commonly selected (47.8%), but allergy\u2010specific concordance varied widely, ranging from 3.52 in Colombia to 1.06 in India. Age positively predicted second\u2010line concordance, while lower allergy\u2010specific concordance was observed among second\u2010year students and males.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Marked variability and frequent deviations from guideline\u2010recommended prescribing highlight persistent educational gaps. Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship training within undergraduate dental curricula is warranted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.70233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T06:08:49Z","timestamp":1783145329000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are Antibiotic Prescribing Patterns for Endodontic Infections Among Undergraduate Dental Students Consistent With Current Guidelines? A Multinational Cross\u2010Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2058-9804","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Ahmed","family":"Elsayed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, RAK College of Dental Sciences RAK Medical and Health Sciences University  Ras Al\u2010Khaimah UAE"},{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Assiut University  Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma Pertek","family":"Hatipo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan University  Rize T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nessrin","family":"Taha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7244-0273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohideen Salihu","family":"Farook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry Universiti Malaya  Kuala Lumpur Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9112-6386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saaid","family":"AlShehadat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine University of Sharjah  Sharjah UAE"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1431-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010Grisales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry CES University  Medell\u00edn Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daoud Mahmoud","family":"Ayyad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Al\u2010Quds University  East Jerusalem Palestine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bekjanova Olga","family":"Yesenovna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapeutic Dentistry Tashkent State Medical University  Tashkent Uzbekistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bakhyt A.","family":"Omarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, School of Dentistry  Almaty Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0313-9695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohmed Isaqali","family":"Karobari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Novaldy","family":"Wahjudianto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine Universitas Airlangga  Surabaya Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha E.","family":"Gallegos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry Universidad Central del Ecuador  Quito Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nawar Naguib","family":"Nawar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endodontics The British University in Egypt  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6124-0129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed A.","family":"Madfa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Restorative Dental Science, College of Dentistry University of Ha'il  Ha'il Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Paulina","family":"Lehmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry Pozna\u0144 University of Medical Sciences  Pozna\u0144 Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1493-9492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thiyezen Abdullah","family":"Aldhelai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontic and Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry Qassim University  Buraydah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Mart\u00edn\u2010Cruces","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela  Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niher Tabassum","family":"Snigdha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4730-8072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo J.","family":"Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Innovation 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for the Urgent Management of Pulpal\u2010And Periapical\u2010Related Dental Pain and Intraoral Swelling: A Report From the American Dental Association","volume":"15011","author":"Lockhart P. 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