{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:50:11Z","timestamp":1791525011405,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Eur J Dental Education"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To determine whether learning with the ORAMUC game and its optional online revision platform yields better pedagogical outcomes than traditional learning in the acquisition of knowledge about oral mucosal pathology among fifth\u2010year dental students.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 71 students participated in this two\u2010arm parallel cluster\u2010randomized controlled trial (RCT). Only students in the game group had access to the ORAMUC game and its complementary microlearning platform Wooflash. Educational outcomes were assessed using the first three levels of Kirkpatrick's four\u2010level model of training evaluation immediately after teaching (Levels 1 and 2) and 4\u2009months later (Level 3).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>At Level 1 (reaction), higher overall satisfaction scores (fun, collaborative, collective, dynamic) were found among students with access to the game compared with the control group. Confidence and self\u2010assessment of skills scores improved in both groups, with no significant difference between groups except for one item. At Level 2 (learning), no significant differences were observed in pre\u2010 and post\u2010teaching knowledge scores between groups; however, students perceived the game as \u2018a good mnemonic device,\u2019 \u2018good for remembering the lesson\u2019 and \u2018practical.\u2019 At Level 3, confidence and self\u2010assessed skills did not differ significantly between groups 4\u2009months after instruction.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gamified learning in oral mucosal pathology positively impacted Kirkpatrick's Level 1, with no additional benefits observed at Levels 2 or 3. Further studies should investigate its potential impact on clinical practice.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.70315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T05:05:46Z","timestamp":1791522346000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of Gamification on Learning Oral Mucosal Pathology Among Dental Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Ana\u00efs","family":"Bonneau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9renn","family":"Cann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Agathe","family":"Louisy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"},{"name":"ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229 Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9033-4714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne\u2010Ga\u00eblle","family":"Chaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"},{"name":"ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229 Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6381-5173","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Hasco\u00ebt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"},{"name":"ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229 Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9840-4542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Lesclous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"},{"name":"ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229 Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9178-5154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Cloitre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Faculty, Oral Surgery Department and Nantes University Hospital Nantes University  Nantes France"},{"name":"ONIRIS, Univ Angers, CHU Nantes, INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229 Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/eje.12312"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4030134"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2021.03.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2009.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2017.05.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10459\u2010020\u201010000\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909\u2010023\u201004955\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nepr.2024.103993"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13179"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5662\/wjm.v15.i1.97374"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1109\/SVR.2017.42","volume-title":"2017 19th Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality (SVR)","author":"Ribeiro M. 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