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Alemtuzumab is an anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>52 humanized monoclonal antibody. This phase <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> study assessed the efficacy of alemtuzumab combined with granulocyte\u2010colony stimulating factor (G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content>) to boost antibody\u2010dependent cell cytotoxicity mediated by neutrophils.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Twelve patients with relapsed (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011) or refractory (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a01) <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALL<\/jats:styled-content>, including four relapses postallogeneic stem cell transplantation, were treated and monitored between October 2006 and January 2011. Patients received 1\u00a0wk of alemtuzumab every other day at increasing doses of 3, 10, and 30\u00a0mg to test tolerance and 30\u00a0mg three times a week for 12\u201318 infusions. If in complete remission (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>), patients received maintenance therapy for 1\u00a0wk, every 2\u00a0months. G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content> was administered at 5\u00a0\u03bcg\/kg per day during alemtuzumab administration. The primary endpoint was disappearance of blast cells on a marrow aspirate. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>52 was expressed in all patients. Four patients reached <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>. In one additional patient, clearance of blast cells was observed in peripheral blood but not in the marrow. The most frequent adverse events during course 1 of treatment were fever and chills (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03), skin rash (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03), and bronchospasm (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a02). Tumor lysis syndrome was observed at treatment initiation in one patient who reached <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CR<\/jats:styled-content>. All patients progressed within a few months and all but one died. The surviving patient is still alive after relapse and a second allogeneic stem cell transplantation.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This study shows that in relapse\/refractory <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALL<\/jats:styled-content>, alemtuzumab with G\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CSF<\/jats:styled-content> can produce good responses of short duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,5]],"date-time":"2013-06-05T16:11:53Z","timestamp":1370448713000},"page":"315-321","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Administration of alemtuzumab and <scp>G<\/scp>\u2010<scp>CSF<\/scp> to adults with relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia: results of a phase <scp>II<\/scp> study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Norbert\u2010Claude","family":"Gorin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy Hopital Saint\u2010Antoine 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