{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,11]],"date-time":"2026-04-11T22:42:04Z","timestamp":1775947324741,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,4]],"date-time":"2015-02-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1423008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000883","name":"University of Bristol","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000883","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLL<\/jats:styled-content>) and chronic myeloid leukemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CML<\/jats:styled-content>) are highly treatable conditions occurring primarily in older patients. Lower survival among older people has been reported in both conditions, but newer treatments may change both the overall survival rate and the relative risk associated with aging. Here, we examine survival for patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CML<\/jats:styled-content> in the United States (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>) and England.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CML<\/jats:styled-content> were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>) and National Cancer Registry (England). Five\u2010year relative survival was calculated by major age group. Excess hazard ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHR<\/jats:styled-content>) by age were calculated for each condition, and multivariable analysis was performed to adjust for the following potential confounders: gender, race or ethnic group (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> only), period of diagnosis, and a measure of socioeconomic deprivation (England only).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Five\u2010year relative survival increased for both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLL<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CML<\/jats:styled-content> in both England and the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> between 1996\u20132000 and 2006\u20132010. However, relative age\u2010related disparities persisted. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLL<\/jats:styled-content>, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHR<\/jats:styled-content> for death was 9.44 (7.84\u201311.36) in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> and 6.14 (5.65\u20136.68) in England for ages 85+ compared to ages 55\u201364. For <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CML<\/jats:styled-content>, the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">EHR<\/jats:styled-content> was 3.52 (3.17\u20133.90) in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content> and 4.54 (4.13\u20134.98) in England for ages 75+ compared to ages 45\u201364.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Survival improved for patients with chronic leukemias in the early 21st century. However, age\u2010related disparities persist, despite clinical trial evidence that treatment in older adults with chronic leukemia can be safe and effective. Further research to determine the reasons for the lower survival in older patients and greater awareness of this problem may improve survival for older patients with chronic leukemia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12468","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,15]],"date-time":"2014-10-15T06:22:03Z","timestamp":1413354123000},"page":"540-545","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Survival for patients with chronic leukemias in the <scp>US<\/scp> and Britain: Age\u2010related disparities and changes in the early 21st century"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"given":"Dianne","family":"Pulte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany"},{"name":"Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Theresa","family":"Redaniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social and Community Medicine University of Bristol Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Bird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Haematology and Oncology Centre University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mona","family":"Jeffreys","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social and Community Medicine University of Bristol Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa062867"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1810","article-title":"Survival with bone marrow transplantation versus hydroxyurea or interferon for chronic myelogenous leukemia. 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