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They include the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Boehringer Ingelheim) and the oral direct <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content>a inhibitors rivaroxaban (Xarelto<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Bayer HealthCare), apixaban (Eliquis<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Bristol\u2010Myers Squibb), and edoxaban (Lixiana<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\/Savaysa<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>, Daiichi\u2010Sankyo). The new compounds have a predictable dose response and few drug\u2013drug interactions (unlike vitamin k antagonists), and they do not require parenteral administration (unlike heparins). However, they accumulate in patients with renal impairment, lack widely available monitoring tests for measuring its anticoagulant activity, and no specific antidotes for neutralization in case of overdose and\/or severe bleeding are currently available. In this review, we describe the pharmacology of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOAC<\/jats:styled-content>, the efficacy, and safety data from pivotal studies that support their currently approved indications and discuss the postmarketing experience available. We also summarize practical recommendations to ensure an appropriate use of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DOAC<\/jats:styled-content> according to existing data. Finally, we discuss relevant ongoing studies and future perspectives.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12610","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,19]],"date-time":"2015-06-19T10:13:10Z","timestamp":1434708790000},"page":"389-404","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Direct\u2010acting oral anticoagulants: pharmacology, indications, management, and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Outes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology and Clinical Evaluation Medicines for Human Use Spanish Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) Madrid Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00aa Luisa","family":"Su\u00e1rez\u2010Gea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pharmacology and Clinical Evaluation Medicines for Human Use Spanish Agency for Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPS) Madrid 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