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Studies have shown a response in up to 80% of patients with this condition after treatment with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>25 monoclonal antibody, basiliximab. Despite the good responses to treatment, around 50% of the patients experience recurrence of their Gv<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms 4\u20136 wk following cessation of therapy. The <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> changes in the following treatment with this antibody have not been elucidated so far. We treated 14 patients with severe steroid\u2010refractory Gv<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> with basiliximab weekly for 4 wk and monitored the changes in the T\u2010, B\u2010, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NK<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010 and dendritic cell subsets over this time period. The overall response to treatment was 92% (13\/14) with 50% (7\/14) achieving a complete response. Fifty four percentage (7\/13) of the patients who responded showed recurrence of their Gv<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> symptoms. Contrary to expectations, our observations showed a significant depletion of the regulatory T\u2010cell subset following treatment. Our findings suggest that the undesirable depletion of the regulatory T cells along with the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CD<\/jats:styled-content>25<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> acute inflammatory cells might be responsible for the high incidence of Gv<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HD<\/jats:styled-content> recurrence in this cohort of patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T13:47:00Z","timestamp":1445521620000},"page":"121-127","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Immunological effects in patients with steroid\u2010refractory graft\u2010versus\u2010host disease following treatment with basiliximab, a <scp>CD<\/scp>25 monoclonal antibody"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Geothy","family":"Chakupurakal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Immunology Group Department I of Internal Medicine University of Cologne Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Alejandra","family":"Garc\u00eda\u2010M\u00e1rquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Immunology Group Department I of Internal Medicine University of Cologne Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Shimabukuro\u2010Vornhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Immunology Group Department I of Internal Medicine University of Cologne Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastian","family":"Theurich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max\u2010Planck\u2010Institute for Metabolism Research Cologne Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Udo","family":"Holtick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interventional Immunology Group Department I of Internal Medicine University of 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