{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T19:03:48Z","timestamp":1761419028694},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,30]],"date-time":"2016-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464566400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Associazione Emofilia ed altre Coagulopatie delle Tre Venezie"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The main objective of the study was to evaluate the incidence of bleeding manifestations in heterozygotes for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency vs. unaffected family members. Secondary objective was to compare the prevalence of arterial or venous diseases found in the two groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 128 heterozygote patients for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency were investigated. A total of 102 patients had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> Friuli; 26 patients had other forms of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency. At time of diagnosis, each patient was paired with an unaffected family member, matched by gender and age (\u00b15). Patients and their normal counterparts were checked every 1\u20132 yr for a mean period of 23.5 yr. The occurrence of bleeding manifestations was recorded and scored. The occurrence of arterial diseases and venous thrombosis was also recorded as a secondary finding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 38 heterozygote patients (29.7%) had one or more than one bleeding manifestation. The most frequent one was bleeding after tooth extraction or surgery. On the contrary, only three control subjects (2.3%) had documented hemorrhagic symptoms. There was a good correlation between bleeding and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> levels. Arterial disease (acute coronary syndromes, ischemic stroke, stable angina, peripheral arteries disease) was found in eight patients (6.3%) with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency and in seven unaffected subjects (5.5%). On the contrary, no venous thrombosis was seen in the affected group, whereas three cases (2.3%) of documented venous thrombosis were observed in the control group (two deep veins and one superficial vein).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heterozygotes <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency may be accompanied by a mild bleeding tendency. This has important implications to assure a safe <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> level in case of surgery or invasive procedures. Furthermore, mild <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FX<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency seems to have no protective effect on arterial disease but does seem to protect from venous thrombosis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,28]],"date-time":"2016-04-28T14:29:12Z","timestamp":1461853752000},"page":"547-553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prevalence of bleeding manifestations in 128 heterozygotes for Factor X deficiency, mainly for <scp>FX<\/scp> Friuli, matched versus 128 unaffected family members, during a long sequential observation period (23.5 years)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"97","author":[{"given":"Antonio","family":"Girolami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Padua Medical School Padua 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