{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T01:02:02Z","timestamp":1747184522814,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of multiple myeloma is increasing and there is a need to evaluate escalating therapy costs (Canadian Cancer Statistics A, 2020). The MYX.1 phase II trial showed that high\u2010dose weekly carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone (wKCD) is efficacious in relapsed and refractory disease. We conducted a descriptive cost analysis, from the perspective of the Canadian public healthcare system, using trial data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary outcome was the mean total cost per patient. Resource utilization data were collected from all 75 trial patients over a trial time horizon. Costs are presented in Canadian dollars (2020).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cost of treatment was calculated from the time of patient (pt) enrollment until the second data lock. The mean total cost was $203\u00a0336.08\/pt (range $17\u00a0891.27\u2010$505\u00a0583.55) Canadian dollars (CAD, where 1 CAD\u00a0=\u00a00.67 Euro (EUR)) and $14\u00a0081.45\/pt per cycle. The median number of cycles was 15. The predominant cost driver was the cost of chemotherapy accounting for an average of $179\u00a0332.78\/pt or $12\u00a0419.17\/pt per cycle. Carfilzomib acquisition accounted for the majority of chemotherapy costs \u2013 $162\u00a0471.65\/pt or $11\u00a0251.50\/pt per cycle. Fifty\u2010six percent (56%) of patients had at least one hospitalization during the trial period with an average cost of $12\u00a0657.86 per hospitalization. Three patients developed thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) with an average cost of $18\u00a0863.32\/pt including the cost of hospitalizations and therapeutic plasma exchange.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>High\u2010dose wKCD is an active triplet regimen for relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) associated with reduced total cost compared with twice\u2010weekly carfilzomib\u2010based regimens.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13671","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]],"date-time":"2021-06-04T10:25:10Z","timestamp":1622802310000},"page":"333-342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A descriptive cost\u2010analysis of MYX.1\/MCRN003, a phase 2 clinical trial evaluating high\u2010dose weekly carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone in relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7692-1947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bethany E.","family":"Monteith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Cancer Trials Group Queen's University Kingston ON Canada"},{"name":"Cancer Center of Southeastern Ontario Queen's University Kingston ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher P.","family":"Venner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Cross Cancer Institute University of Alberta Edmonton AB Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew C.","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Odette Cancer Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joe","family":"Pater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Cancer Trials Group Queen's University Kingston ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lois","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Cancer Trials Group Queen's University Kingston ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Harriet","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Cancer Trials Group Queen's University Kingston ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Reece","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Engin","family":"Gul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canadian Myeloma Research Group (formerly the Myeloma Canada Research Network) Vaughan ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Lalancette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Qu\u00e9bec H\u00f4tel\u2010Dieu de Qu\u00e9bec Universit\u00e9 Laval Quebec City QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Castonguay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Qu\u00e9bec H\u00f4tel\u2010Dieu de Qu\u00e9bec Universit\u00e9 Laval Quebec City QC Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vishal","family":"Kukreti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodger","family":"Tiedemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Margaret Cancer Centre University of Toronto Toronto ON 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