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We present a case of a 54\u2010year\u2010old man with follicular lymphoma diagnosed with PML after being treated with anti\u2010CD20 monoclonal antibody\u2010based regimens for several years. Due to the lack of effective treatment choices for PML, the patient was treated with nivolumab, based on recent reports, but succumbed to his disease a few months after diagnosis. In this paper, we focus on reviewing the literature of PML cases correlated with newer agents used in hematology, possible factors affecting disease prognosis, as well as the available data on upcoming therapeutic options for patients with PML. Though newer promising treatments such as anti\u2010PD1\u00a0monoclonal antibodies arise, a definitive treatment option is yet to be found. Vigilance, early detection, and prompt intervention play a crucial role in the prognosis of PML in patients with hematological malignancies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]],"date-time":"2022-01-31T18:20:00Z","timestamp":1643653200000},"page":"359-368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in the context of newer therapies in hematology and review of new treatment strategies"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2692-5944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis T.","family":"Diamantopoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine Laikon General Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens  Athens 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