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This study investigated measurements of neutrophil chemotaxis as risk markers for BSI in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The chemokines CXCL1 and CXCL8 were measured weekly in 106 children with ALL during induction treatment. Information regarding BSI episodes was collected from the patients' medical records.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>During induction treatment, 102 (96%) patients developed profound neutropenia and 27 (25%) were diagnosed with BSI, debuting on median day 12 (range: 4\u201329). Patients developing BSI had increased levels of CXCL1 on days 8 and 15 as well as increased CXCL8 on days 8, 15, 22, and 29 compared to patients without BSI (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Patients with BSI\u2009&lt;\u2009day 12 exhibited increased CXCL1 and CXCL8 levels as early as day 8 (81\u2009 vs. 4 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031 and 35 vs. 10 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001, respectively), while CXCL1 and CXCL8 were increased on day 15 (215 vs. 57 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.022 and 68 vs. 17 pg\/mL, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.0002) and after (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01) in patients with BSI\u2009\u2265\u2009day 12.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The markers of neutrophil chemotaxis, CXCL1, and CXCL8 may help to identify patients at increased risk of BSI during chemotherapy\u2010induced neutropenia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.13962","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,23]],"date-time":"2023-03-23T07:35:23Z","timestamp":1679556923000},"page":"762-771","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Markers of neutrophil chemotaxis for identification of blood stream infections in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing induction treatment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2364-4445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Weischendorff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Disease, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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