{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T15:48:16Z","timestamp":1764604096972,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and high\u2010risk myelodysplastic syndrome (HR\u2010MDS) are associated with a poor prognosis. It is unknown which re\u2010induction therapy provides the highest chance of durable remission. Commonly used therapies are high dose cytarabine (HiDAC) and triple therapy consisting of fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin combined with granulocyte colony\u2010stimulating factor (FLAG\u2010IDA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two patient cohorts with relapsed AML or HR\u2010MDS treated with HiDAC or FLAG\u2010IDA between October 2015 and December 2021 in two academic hospitals in the Netherlands were retrospectively analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were treated with either HiDAC (n=22) or FLAG\u2010IDA (n=25). Rates of CR (71% vs. 74%, P=0.85), 1\u2010year OS (47% vs. 51%, P=0.99) and EFS (38% vs. 35%, P=0.71) were comparable between HiDAC and FLAG\u2010IDA. Durations of neutropenia (median 24\u2009days (IQR 20\u201026) vs. 30\u2009days (IQR 22\u201039), P=0.014) and thrombocytopenia (22\u2009days (IQR 17\u201026) vs. 36\u2009days (IQR 26\u201053)) were significantly shorter in the HiDAC group than in the FLAG\u2010IDA group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>While remission rates and survival outcomes were similar, FLAG\u2010IDA was associated with longer periods of myelosuppression and transfusion dependency compared to HiDAC in these two cohorts. HiDAC can be considered as a salvage chemotherapyfor relapsed AML\/HR\u2010MDS based on our study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.14370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,27]],"date-time":"2024-12-27T06:38:26Z","timestamp":1735281506000},"page":"620-625","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comparison of <scp>HiDAC<\/scp> Versus <scp>FLAG<\/scp>\u2010<scp>IDA<\/scp> in the Treatment of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia and High\u2010Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9726-9943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Man Wai","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Van der Tuin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mesire","family":"Aydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jarom","family":"Heijmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arjan A.","family":"Van de Loosdrecht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Meijer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline E.","family":"Rutten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mari\u00eblle","family":"Wondergem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Cancer Center Amsterdam  Amsterdam the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeroen J. 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