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Moreover, a systematic search of the evidence was not provided alongside the recommendations. The objective of this study was to assess the current real world imaging practices in Italy, influencing factors, and barriers to adopting international imaging guidelines for MGUS and MM (reported as plasma cell disorders, PCD) and to develop evidence\u2010based, country\u2010specific recommendations for imaging assessment of PCD patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A national project was launched in 2024, involving experts from 32 hematology centers and 5 radiology services. A survey was conducted and a Delphi panel comprising 23 experts was used to reach a consensus on the developed recommendations. A total of 25 recommendations were finally formulated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survey revealed that suboptimal imaging modalities were significantly contributing to the under\u2010recognition of bone and extra\u2010bone lesions in myeloma, leading to suboptimal disease status assessment and treatment decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study emphasizes the importance of adopting effective imaging modalities to improve disease detection and guide treatment decisions in PCD patients. A country\u2010specific, evidence\u2010based set of imaging recommendations has been developed to address existing challenges in the adoption of international imaging guidelines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.70111","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T12:02:13Z","timestamp":1768478533000},"page":"558-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Imaging in Plasma\u2010Cell Neoplasms: Italian Experts\u2019 Recommendations"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"116","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Corso","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation Division Hospital Legnano  Legnano Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monia","family":"Marchetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology &amp; Transplant Unit Azienda Ospedaliera Nazionale SS Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo  Alessandria Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Galli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit ASST Papa Giovanni XXIII  Bergamo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregorio","family":"Baril\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Unit San Bortolo Hospital  Vicenza Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Concetta","family":"Conticello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology Azienda Policlinico\u2010S.Marco, University of Catania  Catania Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelo","family":"Belotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia  Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Antonioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology Unit AOU Careggi  Firenze Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cirino","family":"Botta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties University of Palermo  Palermo Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Bringhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SSD Clinical trials in onco\u2010ematologia e mieloma multiplo Dipartimento di Oncologia AOU Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza di Torino  Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Maria","family":"Cafro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Niguarda Cancer Center Milan  Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele","family":"Cea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DiMI) University of Genoa  Genoa Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Derudas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"S.C. di Ematologia e C.T.M.O. \u2010 Ospedale Oncologico di riferimento Regionale 'A. 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