{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T13:50:53Z","timestamp":1781877053779,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775088000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n This study investigates the expansion of CAR T\u2010cells and its association to treatment outcome.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Patients with aggressive B\u2010cell lymphomas treated with anti\u2010CD19 CAR T\u2010cell therapy axicabtagene ciloleucel (axi\u2010cel) at Sk\u00e5ne and Sahlgrenska University Hospitals from 2019 to October 2024 were included. CAR T\u2010cells in peripheral blood were measured by flow cytometry. Association between maximum levels of CAR T\u2010cells and response, progression\u2010free survival, overall survival, cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and immune effector cell\u2010associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Peak CAR T\u2010cell levels were higher among patients with complete response (CR) at Day 30 (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.013) and at 12\u2009months (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.036). CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n CAR T\u2010cells were higher in patients with CR (median 135.7, IQR 52.8\u2013433.9) compared to patients not obtaining CR (median 23.2, IQR 11.1\u2013103.3) (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.003). The ratio of CD4\n +<\/jats:sup>\n :CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n CAR T\u2010cells was lower in patients obtaining CR (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.046). Patients with CAR T\u2010cells above 52.4\u2009CAR T\u2010cells\/\u03bcL showed superior progression\u2010free survival (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.001).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Our study indicates that CAR T\u2010cell levels after axi\u2010cel correlate to durable response, progression\u2010free survival, and that expansion of CD8\n +<\/jats:sup>\n CAR T\u2010cells might be of specific importance for efficacy. Potentially, CAR T\u2010cell levels may be used to enable early detection of patients with high risk of CAR T\u2010cell treatment failure.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.70185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T07:34:47Z","timestamp":1775115287000},"page":"227-234","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Circulating\n CAR<\/scp>\n T\u2010Cells After Treatment With Axicabtagene Ciloleucel in Patients With Relapsed\/Refractory Aggressive B\u2010Cell Lymphomas and Its Association to Treatment Outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9373-9361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise Olsson","family":"Werne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6162-9932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evelina","family":"Elm\u00e9r","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Lisak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology and Coagulation Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R\u00f3bert","family":"P\u00e1lmason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hematology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine University of Iceland Reykjav\u00edk Iceland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annika K.","family":"Hult","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefina","family":"Dykes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Division of Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine Lund University Lund Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Jerkeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital Lund Sweden"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund University Lund 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