{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T20:32:09Z","timestamp":1787862729338,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,19]],"date-time":"2026-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776556800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["European J of Haematology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The integration of measurable residual disease (MRD) into the management of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has emerged as a major advance in risk stratification and trial design, particularly in the context of time\u2010limited, targeted regimens. High\u2010sensitivity MRD assessment, enabled by multicolor flow cytometry, allele\u2010specific oligonucleotide PCR, and next\u2010generation sequencing (NGS), provides a robust, quantifiable measure for depth of remission and long\u2010term outcomes. Landmark trials\u2014including CLL14, MURANO, CAPTIVATE, and GLOW\u2014have consistently demonstrated that achieving undetectable MRD (uMRD) strongly predicts prolonged progression\u2010free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS), within a range of chemoimmunotherapy and venetoclax\u2010based time\u2010limited regimens. In selected clinical trials, MRD assessment has been prospectively incorporated into strategies exploring time\u2010limited therapy and MRD\u2010adapted discontinuation, although routine MRD\u2010guided decision\u2010making in clinical practice remains investigational. CLL research is increasingly focused on treatment\u2010free observation in select patients achieving deep and sustained remissions, with MRD playing a central prognostic role. Emerging technologies, including circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) monitoring and artificial intelligence (AI)\u2010driven predictive modeling, promise to further refine risk stratification and personalize therapy. This review summarizes the current evidence supporting MRD as a prognostic biomarker and clinical trial endpoint, discusses investigational MRD\u2010adapted strategies, and outlines future directions\u2014including ctDNA and AI\u2010based tools\u2014that may ultimately support more individualized treatment duration and treatment\u2010free observation in CLL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.70200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,20]],"date-time":"2026-04-20T05:43:48Z","timestamp":1776663828000},"page":"305-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["From Time\u2010Limited Therapy to Treatment\u2010Free Observation: The Evolving Role of\n                    <scp>MRD<\/scp>\n                    in\n                    <scp>CLL<\/scp>\n                    Management"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"117","author":[{"given":"Enrica 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